78 THE SAND STRAND FLORA 



VIOLACEAE. 

 Viola arenaria DC. 

 Perennial rootstock; stems tufted, spreading, 5 — 15 cm. long, finely 

 pnberulent; leaves ovate, erenulate, obtuse, somewhat thick; petioles 

 long; stipules incised; flowers violet. 



Sandy shores of Europe and Eastern America, but goes also inland. 



V. tricolor L. 

 Annual herb, distributed over Europe and Northern Asia, and is 

 introduced to America. Often found on coastal sand formations, al- 

 though an inland plant. 



. PITTO SPORE AE. 



Bursaria spinosa Cav. 



Shrub, very bushy, somewhat thorny, glabrous ; leaves clustered, 

 obovate, obtuse, 1 — 3 em. long, narrowed at base, petiolate, green on 

 both sides. 



On the coasts of Tasmania and Australia, from Queensland to South 

 Australia (St. A'ineent's Gulf), but also found in the interior. A 

 variety incana Lindl. is hoary in its young stages, and the under side 

 of leaves are alwa3fs tomentose. This form is found in West Australia 

 and in the tropical parts of that continent. 



PiUosporum crassifolium A. Cunn. and P. wiibellatum Banks et Sol. 

 ; two littoral shrubs occurring on ' 

 are not confined to sand formations. 



are two littoral shrubs occurring on North Island of New Zealand, but 



FRANKENIACEAE. 



FranJcenia grandiflora C. et S'. 



Perennial herb, erect or diffuse, slightly suffrutescent, 20 — 35 cm. 

 high, smooth or somewhat pubescent; leaves entire, obovate, 1 — 2 cm. 

 long, with revolute margins, sessile or short-petiolate, fascicled in the 

 axils, the opposite j^air mostly united by a somewhat membranaceous 

 sheathing base. 



Common especially on the marshes of the California sea shore, but 

 spreads into Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico, preferring saline soil. 



A shrubby P. pauciflora DC. is common on the sandy shores of 

 Tasmania, West Australia, South Australia, and Victoria, but occurs 

 also in the interior deserts. 



