126 THE SAND STRAND FLORA 



S. lasiolepis Benth. 



Tree or large shrub, with oblong leaves, somewhat serrulate, dull 

 green above, gray-pubescent beneath. 



On dunes of California, especially near San Francisco. Extendi 

 also inland. 



Salix repens L. 



Low, straggling shrub, with stems creeping underground, rooting 

 at base, ascending to 3 — 6 dm.; foliage silky- white; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate, 2 cm. long, entire, silky on both sides. 



On sand formations of Europe and Xorthern Asia. 



Several varieties, especially argentea Sm., are met with on dunes 

 of Northern Europe. 



S. viminalis L. 



Shrub, with long branches, 7 — 15 cm. long leaves, silvery white 

 underneath. 



In wet places in Europe and jSTorthern Asia. 



Several other species, such as S. nigricans Sm., S. cinerea L., 8. 

 aurita L., S. purpurea L., S. pentandra L., S. dasydad'os Wimm., 8. 

 fragilis L., 8. alba L., and S. amygdalina L., are found occasionally on 

 the dunes of the Baltic. 



CONIFERAE. 



Callitris robusta E. Br. 



often occurs on the dunes of Australia, but is not confined to the coast. 



Juniperus communis L. 

 is common on the sand formations of the Northern Baltic, and sometimes 

 occurs in a low prostrate form, similar in habit to the variety nana, 

 which does not, however, grow on sand in the Finnish Archipelago, 

 where it occurs. 



Pinus maritima Lam. 



Large tree, with branches in whorls; leaves in twos, dark green, 

 15 — 20 cm. long, rigid, stout; cones from 10 — 15 cm. long, about 6 

 em. broad, growing in clusters of from 4 — 8 or more. 



Common on sand dunes of the Mediterranean countries, and is ex- 

 tensively planted on the dunes of Western France; its occurrence in 

 India, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and China is usually attributed 

 to artificial planting. 



