3G NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



sold at Wilbur and Kingston. The price of cartage here is 

 based on the number of feet of stone per load. Ic an inch of 

 thickness per square foot of surface is paid for hauling " rock *' 

 to market. 6c a linear foot is paid for curbing. 



The dip of the ledge is to the north and west. The opening 

 extends north and south, so that the quarries at the northern 

 end receive the water from the other quarries. Owing to differ- 

 ent depths of the different workings, water is troublesome in 

 nearly all the quarries. The water is drained by siphons of 

 2" cast iron pipes, equipped with a small hand pump at the 

 apex; 10 to 15 feet is the usual fall allowed. These siphons, 

 when the pipe is well jointed, are very efficient, removing a 

 large amount of water in a short time. 



The thickness of the lifts varies from the top to the bottom, 

 the top lifts are light, 2" to 3", while the lower ones are heavier, 

 6" to 10". Obviously, the top lifts produce flag, and the lower 

 lifts edge stone and rock. Many of the quarries are equipped 

 with a hand derrick for handling the heavy stones. A rough 

 streak appears in some parts of the ledge 2 feet thick and causes 

 some waste. The vertical jointing is north and south, and east 

 and west. Owing to the tightness of these joints, powder is 

 often necessary in the lower lifts. 



The following are the operators. 



James Howard, Sawkill. Two men employed during the year. 



John Murphy, Sawkill. Three men are employed during the 

 year. A siphon is used for drainage. 



Thomas Hayes, Sawkill. Five men are employed throughout 

 the year. 



Burns Bros., Sawkill. Four men are employed. A hand der- 

 rick is in use. 



T. McDonald, Sawkill. Ten men are employed throughout the 

 year. The equipment consists of siphon and hand derrick. 



B. C. Callahan, Sawkill. Three men are employed. 



W. Sheely, Kingston. This quarry used to employ 10 men, but 

 only two are at work now. Water is very troublesome and two 

 siphons are in operation. A hand derrick is also part of the 

 equipment. 



