96 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



is coarse grained, thin bedded and blue to gray in color. The 

 product is rough building stone. It is used locally for founda- 

 tions and in bridge building on the Delaware, Lackawanna and 

 Western railroad. The quarry was opened in 1870. 



Elmira, Chemung co. 



The quarries are on the western face of the hill forming the 

 eastern boundary of the valley between Horseheads and Elmira. 

 Two quarries only are in active operation, but a number of open- 

 ings have been made. 



W. B. Pratt's quarry has been opened 50 years. The hight at 

 back is 40 to 60 feet. The bed of stone is not more than 25 feet 

 thick and is thin bedded. It is covered with 25 feet of clay and 

 shale top. The shale is made use of in the manufacture of pav- 

 ing brick. The stone is gray to very dark blue and fine grained. 

 It is quarried by drilling deep holes and blasting. No dressing 

 is done. The product is used for foundation work and cellar 

 walls in Elmira. Six to seven men are employed during the 

 season, which lasts seven or eight months in the year. A steam 

 drill and hand derrick are part of the equipment. 



A. Yoight's quarry is 3J miles north of Elmira on the same 

 range as Pratt's. The bed of stone is 20 to 25 feet thick, with 

 shaly streaks running through it. The stripping is 14 to 16 feet 

 thick, 10 feet of which are shale, the balance being drift earth. 



The stone varies in color from red to blue. It is fine grained 

 and very dense. The vertical jointing, as at Pratt's quarry, is 

 north and south and east and west. The product is rough build- 

 ing stone which is used locally. A hand derrick is in use. Two 

 to four men are employed. The price of stone in Elmira aver- 

 ages |1 per perch. 



On the hills bounding the valley of the Chemung river between 

 Elmira and Big Flats, quarries have been opened on the lands 

 of H. T. Clark and Sarah A. Conklin, but, owing to the long haul 

 to market, are little worked. 



