46 BEAN. 



THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE FILIPINO EA1{. 



The morphological differences in the types of Filipino ears are of 

 sig-nificance if our present knowledge of the developmental history of tlie 

 ear is accepted to indicate that the human ear is undergoing retrogade 

 metamorphosis. 



Sehwalbe '' demonstrates the similarity of the ear of human embryos at 4 

 to 6 montlis intra-uterine life to the ear of Macacus rhesus and Ceicopi- 

 thecus engythita, one of the chief points of resemblance being the absence of 

 the inrolled vim of the helix. This author further states (p. 188) : "Vom 8 

 Monat an beginnt ein Reduktionsprozess der Ohrfalte, welcher sich im we- 

 sentlichen in Einrollung des Oberrandes und starkerer Ausbildung des Anthelix 

 Systems auspragt." When the adult human ear has attained its full maturity, 

 the rim of the helix has rolled inward and forward, and the tip of the ear 

 forms Darwin's- tubercle. The extent of inroUing of the helix marks the grade 

 of development and evolution of the ear, hence the age in the world's time of 

 the ear type. 



The types of ears under observation may be conveniently grouped 

 into three classes: 



1. Old types which have much inrolled helices, and everted anthelices. 



2. Intermediate types which have rolled helices but not so marked as 

 in old types, and 



3. New types with slightly rolled helices and depressed anthelices 

 resembling the ear of the embryo. 



The ISTegroid and Malay ears are old types, the Cro-Magnon and 

 Iberian ears are intermediate, the Igorot and B. B. B. ears are new 

 types. The others are mixed, intermediate, and new. By this criterion 

 the Filipinos are older than the Chinese, Indians, or Spanish because 

 they have older ear types, at least a greater proportion of Filipinos than 

 of the other peoples have old ear types. Portions of the Filipino, Chinese, 

 and Indian populations have old ears and portions have new and in- 

 termediate forms, therefore, the three peoples were originally of the same 

 stock, and have since received similar infusions of new stocks, although 

 in varying proportions as regards type. 



BILIBID TYPES (SEE T.4BLE AT END). 



The inmates of Bilibid Prison are of two kinds — local, short-term 

 prisoners, or those from the neigborhood of Manila who are serving terms 

 of less than five years; and general, long-tenn prisoners, or those from 

 all parts of the Philippine Islands except a part of the Moro dominions, 

 who are serving terms of five jeavs or over. The latter are representative 



° Sehwalbe. G., Das Darwinsche Spitzohr beim Menschlichen Embryo. — Anato- 

 mischer Anr.eiger. (1889), 4, No. 6, 176 to 189. 



