48 



BEAN. 

 Earit of Bilibid prisoners and Manila riders, hy percentages. 



1 yj'c. 



Riders. 



B. B. B . -. 



Igorot 



Alpine 



Cro-Magnon 



Negroid 



Iberian a ___ 



Malay 



Iberian 6 __, 

 Others 



Total . 



Prison- 



7 



n 



(i 



■" 



4 



IX 



] 



1 



22 



4") 



100 



The difference between these two groups is tliat the European types 

 of Filipino constitute Go percent of the riders whereas the ilalay, 

 Xegroid, and others, constitute 74 percent of the prisoners. The Fili- 

 pino prisoners of Bilibid are less European in their composition than the 

 riders of Manila, and more like the pedestrians, Ijut they have even less 

 European than the pedestrians. 



Photographs of inmates of Bilibid Prison selected to represent the various 

 types are reproduced, and may be examined by reference to Plates IV to X. The 

 photographs for Plates I, II, and III were made by ilr. ^lartin, of the Bureau of 

 Science, the remainder by the official photographer at Bilibid Prison. The draw- 

 ings throughotit this work were executed by Mr. W. Schultze, of the Biological 

 Laboratory, who has my sincere thanks for his personal attention to tlieir 

 production. 



SUMMARY. 



The Chinese, the Indian, the Manila rider, the Manila pedestrian, 

 and the long-term Bilibid prisoner represent groiips of men undergoing 

 the process of fusion of similar elements and each group is a different 

 stage of transition in the fusion process. The long-term Bilibid prisoners 

 have less European elements than the other groups, and the European is 

 more obscurely mixed ; the Chinese have less Malay than the other groiips 

 and the European elements predominate, obscuring the remainder. Be- 

 tween the Chinese and the long-term Bilibid prisonere the other groups 

 have variable proportions of the different elements, but the Indians, the 

 Manila riders and pedestrians represent more recent minglings of the 

 types than the Chinese and Bilibid prisoners. Among the first three 

 groi\ps the engrafting of Europeans is more recent than in the last two, 

 therefore the blending has not advanced so far and more definite 

 European types are encountered, but in the last two groups it is more 

 difficult to detect pure European types, althougli the majority of the 

 Chinese resemble Eiiropeans more than do the majority of the prisoners. 



Among the prisoners there is evidence of at least four old types besides 

 tlic European types of more recent date (neolithic and later). The 



