PHILIPPINE KAW CEMENT MATEEIALS. 



225 



the burner must all be considered. The consumption of fuel is mucli 

 greater with slurr}-, which usuall}^ enters the kiln with 50 per cent of 

 water, than with dry flour, while the output is less. 



Eieliards -* lias worked out a balance sheet of the heat generated within and 

 the distribution of the heat of a rotary cement burner, 60 feet long by 6 feet 

 external diameter, fired by pulverized bituminous slack, at the plant of the 

 Dexter Cement Company at Nazareth, Pennsylvania. The coal, which was from 

 Fairmont, West Virginia, and which required 50 kilograms per barrel, gave the 

 following analysis : 



Constituent. 

 Moisture 



Volatile combustible matter 

 Fixed cai'bon 

 Ash 



. Total 

 Calories (calculated) 



Per cent. 



0.60 



38.10 



53.24 



8.06 



100 

 7,900 



The average results were 1,650 kilograms of clinker with 90 kilograms of flue 

 dust per hour from 2,710 kilograms of mixture fed to the kiln. The temperature 

 of the clinker falling out of the lower end of the kiln was 1,200° and the 

 temperature of waste gases in the chimney about 1 meter from the upper end 

 of the kiln was 820°. The following table gives a summary of the results 

 obtained by Richardson. 



Table XII. 



The ground cement mixture from 

 which the carbon dioxide and wa- 

 ter had to be expelled. ^ 



The burnt 

 cement 

 clinlier 



(percent). 



The waste gases. 



1 



Constituent. 



Per cent. 



Constituent. 



Per cent. 





13.38 



1 6.04 



41.96 



1.53 



34.65 

 0.43 



21.27 



6.42 



1 3.18 



66.70 



2.43 



Carbon dioxide 



Oxygen 



Carbon monoxide- 

 Sulphur dioxide 



Water 



10.2 

 11.8 

 0.2 



(") 

 («) 



Aluminium oxide 



Ferric oxide 



Calcium oxide 







Carbon dioxide 



Nitrogen 



M 





Water 

















" Undetermined. 



The items and results of the investigation are shown by the following table, 

 based on the consumption of 100 kilograms of coal, or the production of 2 barrels 

 of cement. 



Heat generated. 



Calories. 



(1) Theoretical heating power of the fuel 790,000 



(2) Heat of combination of the ingredients forming clinker 142,819 



Total 



932,819 



=< Richards, J. W.: Jovrn. Am. Chem. Soe. (1904), 26, 80. 



