1. FILIPINO TYPES: MANILA STUDENTS. AN ATTEMPT 



TO CLASSIFY THE LITTORAL POPULATION OF 



LUZON AND ADJACENT ISLANDS. 



By Robert Bennett Bean. 

 {From the Anatomical Laboratory, Philippine Medical School, Manila, P. I.) 



INTRODUCTION. 



Previous attempts have been made to classify the Filipino peoples, but 

 each has included only an incomplete survey of the population. It is 

 hoped that by making a consecutive series of observations such as I have 

 carried on covering the mountain districts, the lowlands, and the littoral 

 population, and by taking a random sample from all the culture levels, 

 a more complete analysis of the phj'sical types that make up the popula- 

 tion of the Philippine Islands may be made, the origin of the people 

 discovered, present tendencies of amalgamation revealed, and future con- 

 ditions predicted. I shall classify types by physical characteristics, and 

 not alone by locality. The littoral population of the Philippines is one 

 of the most mixed in the world, and the physical types are complex, but 

 it is bj' means of this very complexity that obscure problems of heredity 

 may be made clear. The types of man that have crossed are so dissimilar 

 that characters may be traced more readily than if they were similar. 



Worcester (30) writes with full knowledge at first hand of the non- 

 Christian tribes of northern Luzon, and gives a classification that is 

 valuable ethnologically and sociologically. Virchow(28) and Blumen- 

 tritt(7) have written of the Filipinos from a distant point of view, in 

 an attempt to classify the people ph3'sieally, and A. B. Meyer (18,19,20) 

 measured the Igorots and Negritos. Montano(21) and Folkmar(12) 

 measured the living Filipinos and classified them in local groups. 



Montano classifies the Filipinos by physical characters and locality into 

 Negrito, Indonesian, and Malay: the Negrito occupying the mountain 

 wilds of the Islands, the Indonesian the fertile interior, especially of 

 Luzon and Mindanao, and the Malay occupying the coast lands. It is to 

 be supposed that the littoral population is at present largely Malay, to 

 which have been added Chinese and European elements, and in which 

 still remains a remnant of Negrito and Indonesian. At present, Amer- 

 ican and Negro mestizos are springing up in almost every part of the 

 Islands, making a rich field for the racial anatomist. 



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