I. FILIPINO TYPES : MANILA STUDENTS. 



273 



Compared with the Iberian, this tyjDe has the cephalic index 12.8 

 greater, the nasal index 19 greater, the stature 4.3 centimeters greater, 

 the morphologic face index 8.4 less, and the physiognomic face index 4.3 

 centimeters greater, the head length is 1.4 centimeters less, the head width 

 is 1.1 centimeters more, and the head height is exactly the same. The 

 nose length is 7 millimeters less, and the nose width is 3 millimeters 

 more. The lower face height is 7 millimeters less, the total face height 

 is 4 millimeters less, and the bizygomatic width is 5 millimeters more. 

 The frontal circumference is 5 millimeters more, the parietal circumfer- 

 ence is 1 millimeter less, the forehead circumference is 2 millimeters less, 

 and the occipital circumference is 3 millimeters less. 



The notable characteristics of this type are the great height, 2 centi- 

 meters less tlian the average for the white race in Europe and Amer- 

 ica (10), the wide, short head, the wide nose, the short, narrow face, 

 and the well developed frontal region of the head. The nearest related 

 living people are the Adriatic described by Deniker(lO) and located on 

 the northern shores of the Adriatic Sea. Except for the stature and the 

 nasal index, both of which are too high, it resembles the Alpine or 

 middle European. The stature is not so great as that of the Adriatic 

 and the nasal index is greater, these differences being caused by the 

 Filipino element. The Chinese influence is evident in the stature, nasal 

 index, and cephalic index. 



BLENDINa TYPE. 



This group of Filipinos with cephalic index ranging from 79 to 89, 

 nasal index from 72 to 93, and stature from 146 centimeters to 180 

 centimeters, is composed' of characters belonging to several types, and an 

 effert will be made to discover what may have been the characteristics of 

 these types. The European, the Primitive, and the ISTegrito undoubtedly 

 enter into the composition of the Filipino people, but to what extent is 

 each a factor and are the three represented in this group of average 

 Filipino students? In order to answer these questions the group is 

 analyzed as follows : 



The cephalic index is first divided into three groups about 80, 83, 



and 86. 



Cephalic index by groups — males — Mending iijpe. 



Cephalic index. 



11, 



78. 



79. 



80. 



81. 



82. 



83. 



84. 



85. 



86. 



87. 



88. 



Total. 



About 80 



About 83 



i 



16 



•21 



23 



19 



8 

 16 















90 

 61 

 36 



22 



19 



4 

 10 





















14 



6 



6 



Total -... 





1 













3 



16 



21 



23 



19 



24 



22 



19 



14 



14 



6 



6 



187 



The divisions between the groups are made by using the nasal index 

 as a differentiating factor. Those with a cephalic index of 82 and a 

 nasal index below 80 are put into the group "about 80," whereas those 



