I. FILIPINO TYPES : MANILA STUDENTS. 



281 



its absorption or modification by the Neo-Malays, the type not having 

 constituted a part of the latter, which is most probable. The distinctive 

 difference between the Igorots and the littoral population is in the pres- 

 ence of type M among the Igorots and its absence among the littoral 

 population, as well as the presence in the latter of recent European types 

 with greater stature and greater brachycephaly. 



M. Moszkowski(22) investigated the natives of east Sumatra (not 

 Malays) and reports two peoples, the Orang Akett and the Orang Sakei, 

 who correspond in physical measurements with the Primitive and the 

 Australoid, as may be seen in the following table : 



Number. 



Stature. 



Cephalic 

 index. 



Morpliolo- 

 gic face 

 index. 



Orang Akett (MoszJtowski) 

 Primitive (Bean) 



Orang Sakei (Moszkowski) 



Orang Sakei (Finger) 



Australoid (Bean) 



151.88 

 150. 80 

 1.54. 74 

 .to 166.17 

 156. 16 

 161. 00 



84.3 

 85.5 

 73.8 

 to 75.9 

 75.45 

 76.8 



193.7? 

 78.8 

 94.8 

 to 99 

 96.6 



Except for differences in the face index the types are practically the 

 same. The Orang Akett have wooly hair and resemble the Negritos, and 

 the Orang Sakei have wavy hair and resemble the Yeddahs and the Senoi 

 of Martin. In spite of the lack of wooly or wavy hair among the Aus- 

 traloid and Primitive, I am convinced that these types are of the same 

 stock as those of the Malay Peninsula (17), of east Sumatra(:21), and 

 of Ceylon (Sarasin), as well as other parts of the East(6,15) (Negrito). 

 In the last named places the Negrito element has remained more or less 

 predominant, whereas in the Philippines it has become SAvamped in the 

 waves of immigration, with consequent loss of the characteristic curly or 

 kinky hair which occurs only rarelj^ 



FORECAST. 



If the Australoid and the Primitive types represent the original ele- 

 ments of the Filipinos, and the other tj^pes represent modifications caused 

 by Europeans and Chinese, recent and remote, then the individuals of 

 the present population are larger than the original in all physical 

 measurements. Continued immigration of Americans and Chinese will 

 result by interbreeding in further increase of size. With increase of 

 size go increase in bodily and mental vigor. Advance on the part of the 

 Filipinos will be coincident with and incident to the continuation of the 

 amalgamation of the races, although better nutrition, fewer animal para- 

 sites, and altered hygiene may assist in the advance. 



