11. FILIPINO TYPKS : MALECON MORGUE. 



299 



the Spanish arrived in the Philippines, and the Iberian is more completely 

 amalgamated with the other Japanese types than is the Filipino Iberian 

 with the other Filipino types, because in the latter the Iberian is more 

 recent and is also found unmixed and pure in type, as among the Castilian 

 Spanish. The Iberian probably predominates in the Japanese but it does 

 not in the Filipino. 



The stature of the women is less (7.2 per cent) than that of the men, 

 but it is about the usual percentage less, and is not greater than it should 

 be as it is among the Igorots. This again is an argument for the homo- 

 geneity of the types in the four groups. The difference between the 

 Students and the Morgue subjects may be due to nurture, the former 

 being well nourished and the latter poorly nourished. All of the differ- 

 ences in stature could be accounted for by modifications due to environ- 

 ment, but it is better to find the true explanation than to ascribe the 

 differences to unknown causes. The type is justified also if the group 

 differences can be explained. 





Cepho 



Uic index of the Ihei-ian 



type. 







No. 



Group. 



Sex. 



Index. 



.5 



8 



S 



25 



Malecon Morgue _ 





76.65 

 77.92 

 74.14 

 75. 20 



do __._ -. 







Japanese 





















The heads of this type are moderately dolichocephalic, except those of 

 the women, which are slightly mesocephalic. The morgue subjects have 

 a higher index than the Japanese or the Students, and the women have 

 the highest index. The Japanese have longer, narrower heads than any 

 of the others, which indicates a condition nearly like the original Iberian 

 type. The cephalic index is considered to be one of the best criteria of 

 type, but this must be taken with reservations because of innate abnormal- 

 ities of the skull and by reason of extraneous influences. The heads of 

 many Filipinos are undoubtedly distorted in infancy by resting on hard 

 substances covered only with the petate. This distortion may be coun- 

 teracted by the later growth of the individual, but it is probably retained 

 to some extent in the adult. Many heads show the dorsal flattening that 

 has been supposed to be characteristic of the East, but it is probably only 

 the retention of this infantile condition. 



Nasal index of the lierian type. 



No. 



Group. 



Malecon Morgue 



do. 



Japanese 



Manila Studente 



Sex. 



Index. 



68.14 

 69.80 

 76.92 

 73.90 



