310 BEAN. 



SUMMARY. 



I would suggest that the Adriatic and Primitive are derived from 

 one source, and that the Cro-Magnon and Australoid are derived from 

 one source, but the two sources are not the same. Transferred to Europe 

 from tlie south of Asia or some other part of the East in prehistoric 

 times, tlie Primitive and Australoid may have evolved there the Adriatic 

 and Cro-Magnon in much the same way that Sergi accounts for the 

 evolution of the Nordic type from the early Mediterranean Eace, the 

 Iberian type. The Sarasin brothers and Martin have found in Ceylon, 

 in the Celebes and in the Malay Peninsula, and others have also found 

 elsewhere, a type closely simulating the Australoid, and they look upon 

 this type as one of the primary types of men from which have sprung many 

 races. The work that I have done adds its mite toward that hypothesis, 

 and illustrates in a more definite M'ay some of the types that may have 

 resulted from this primitive precursor. I believe, however, that my 

 work also demonstrates another type which I call Primitive, that is 

 antecedent to the Australoid and has hel23ed to produce the Australoid 

 by its blending in a disharmonious manner with the Iberian, the latter 

 having probably disappeared in other parts of the East as it has from 

 among the Igorots. The objection to the types selected may be that too 

 few individuals were observed, and if 1,000 individuals had been meas- 

 ured, at least some of the types would fuse by closing of gaps between 

 them with intermediate forms that are necessarily absent when so few 

 are considered. Eor instance, I have demonstrated the similarity of the 

 Primitive, Modified Primitive and Adriatic, of the Alpine and B. B. B., 

 and of the Australoid and the Cro-Magnon. There are gaps between the 

 types among the Students as well as among the Morgue subjects, but if a 

 larger number were measured these gaps might be bridged over. If 

 this be true, then the types selected represent cross sections of variable 

 species, and this is additional proof that the types are elementary species, 

 and probably represent the separation and segregation by variation and 

 modification of new elementary species of man. 



III. HEAD OUTLINES. 



Lead fuse wire was used for making three contours of the head in the 

 same way that similar contours were made of the Igorots and of the 

 students of the University of Michigan. Eepresentative outlines of 

 each t}'pe are selected for comparison. None of the female Primitive 

 or Australoid head outlines were taken, but the female Iberian and 

 Alpine are presented. 



The head of the Alpine woman is almost identical in size and shape 

 with the head of the Primitive man. Both show dorsal flattening and 

 the woman's forehead is characteristic of the female. The head of the 



