GEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE OF LEYTE. 341 



the outlet of the lake, and it flows to the east to Amandiuing Lake which, 

 in tiun, is the source of the Binahaan. Lieut. Philij) H. Rockstroh, of 

 the Philippines t'oustabulary, kindly furnished this criticism, together 

 with other information concerning the hot and mineralized springs and 

 topographic features of the island, and his description of Lake Bito 

 corresjjonds with the one by Jagor gi\'en above. On a manuscript atlas 

 of the Pliili23pines by d' Almonte, which is now the property of the C'oast 

 and Geodetic Survej', these features of the drainage near Lake Danao 

 are shown as here described. The errors in the published map may be 

 due to the lithographer. 



There are a number of sectional and route maps made by officers of 

 tlie Tuited States Army and Philippines Constabulary, but it is not 

 possible at present to conrpile a satisfactory map. The Coast and Geo- 

 detic sur'veys now iir progress, as well as surveys by tlie Bureau of Lands, 

 indicate that many details of the Spanish maps will be changed when the 

 present surveys are concluded and combined. Accordingly, in this report 

 only an outline map on a small scale is used, and the reader who may 

 have a special interest in the island is advised for the present to consult 

 d' Almonte's map or the one in the Atlas de Pilipinas, which was taken 

 from d'Almonte's, and also the Coast and Geodetic Survey charts. 



Physiographic and geologic districts. — No previous attempt has been 

 made to describe the physiography of Leyte and the only suggestion as 

 to its topographic features is in the disposition of the streams and the 

 names of the mountains on the maps. The hachuring of d'Almonte's is, 

 to say the least, misleading, and in the absence of elevations accompany- 

 ing the names of the mountains, an imperfect idea of the relief is 

 presented. The physiographic districts distinguished in this I'eport cor- 

 respond closely with the geologic structirre and are accordingly indicated 

 by the geologic districts on- the accompanying outline map. The domi- 

 nant feature of Leyte is the Central Cordillera which runs from Cabalian 

 in a northwesterly direction through the island and is continued in 

 Biliran and Maripipi Islands. In addition may be distinguished the 

 southwestern semi-mountainous district, the northeastern semi-mountain- 

 ous district and the northeastern plains. There are also some littoral 

 lowlands of small extent which are not shown on the map. 



CENTRAL CORDILLERA. 



This district is for .the most part rugged and is dominated by many 

 high peaks. Its lowest portion is to the west of Carigara, where it is also 

 narrowest. This is the most practicable place for a road to cross the 

 district, and a trail now exists which can be developed into a road. 



The trail over the Cordillera between Dolores to Jaro is very difficult, 

 because of the steepness of the western slope, and it is impracticable for 

 a wagon trail. There is an idea prevalent that a road should be estab- 

 lished between Abuyog and Baybay following the river valley in so far 



