GEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE OF LEYTE. 349 



line of d'Almonte's map is far from perfect. When the bay in the 

 sonthern part of the island, which may have suggested the forking in 

 the mountain systems, is properly mapped and the trend of the adjacent 

 mountains is shown, it will be seen that the structure of the southwestern 

 district is approximately parallel with that of the central Cordillera. 



Sedimentary formations. — At all of the places where the rocks of this 

 district were examined, and in allot the landscapes which were studied 

 while passing along the coast, conspicuous outcrops of coralline limestone 

 were seen exposed on the flanks of the hills and even resting on the tops 

 of some of the higher mountains. The relation of these outcrops to the 

 topography and the apparent dip of the formations, as well as their 

 attitudes when studied at close range, show that they have been elevated, 

 faulted, and tilted. In some places masses were caught in between erup- 

 tive igneous rocks. It is probable that they were deposited on a base- 

 ment of older igneous rocks and that with the gradual elevjition and 

 emergence of the Island of Leyte igneous rocks were intruded along some 

 lines of fracture, giving rise to the dominant mountain trends. The 

 sedimentary formations include beds of shales and conglomerates, but 

 these are far less conspicuous than the limestones. In the northern part, 

 near Eulalia, which is now known as Port Calubian, outcrops of coal 

 are reported. Becker states that Leyte possesses coal but the locality is 

 unknown, although it is said to be in the southwestern part of the island. 

 It may be that the locality near Calubian is the one which furnished the 

 samples which, as noted by Becker, were analyzed by the Inspeccion de 

 Minas and sho^vn to be of the same class as the Cebu coal, having a fuel 

 value of 5,800 calories. . On d' Almonte's map, the occurrence of petroleum 

 is indicated at a point abo^^t 7 kilometers north of Villaba. It is reported 

 that some prospectors have studied this part of Leyte and have found 

 much to encourage them in the belief that petroleum exists there in 

 paying quantities, but they have been deterred from developing the field 

 because of the difficulty of enlisting capital. 



Igneous rocfcs.-^The igneous rocks of the southwestern district have 

 been very little studied. Prom the islazid of Limasaua a specimen of 

 hornblende andesite was determined by Oebbeke. During this recon- 

 naissance some specimens of igneous rocks were collected to the west of 

 Malitbog. They have been classified as diorites and peridotite porphyries. 



The field relations of the igneous rocks to the west of Malitbog and on 

 the northern, end of Panaon Island, near Liloan, show clearly that erup- 

 tive and intrusive rocks have broken through the sedimentaries and in- 

 cluded masses of the limestone. On the eastern side of Panaon, near 

 Pinutan Point, d' Almonte indicates the occurrence of gold mines. Becker 

 states that the wall rock at these mines was called by Ashburner "green- 

 stone porphyry," and that this term, while it would not exclude prophylitic 

 neo-volcanics, in all probability points to diorite or diabase. 



