III. FILIPINO TYPES : RACIAL ANATOMY IN TAYTAY. 



441 



tiation of Filipino types. Hair form has been of little avail in the 

 study of the Filipinos, because they all have straight black hair, with 

 an occasional wave. The cephalic index has been found unreliable 

 because of possible distortion of the head. In the place of this, how- 

 ever, the ear form has been found a better indicator, and by this alone 

 much can be known as to the individuals' component elements. In eon- 

 junction with the other physical factors, nasal index, facial index, stature, 

 brachial and crural indices, etc., the ear form is of great service. 



By means of these factors the men of Taytay have been separated into 

 groups that are called species and varieties in the following classification : 



Systematic species. 



Varieties. Elementary species. 



Iberian 





1 



jCro-Magnou (?) 

 IB. B. B. (?) 



1 Australoid. 

 I Alpine. 



Iberian B 



Iberian (Igorot) 



Iberian D (Cro-Magnon) 



.\ustraloirl (V) . 



Primitive 



f Primary Australoid 1 



1 Secondary Australoid (Negrito)?.) 



Primitive „ ■- \ 



Modified Primitive 



Blend (?) 



Adriatic 







Two processes are supposed to have been active, a differentiation of 

 the Iberian and Primitive into diverse forms, producing varieties, and 

 a fusion of the varieties to make the elementary species. It can not be 

 absolutely determined that the Primitive and Iberian did not arise by 

 the fusion of other forms, but if so, they had so completely fused as to 

 be true systematic species, unless the varieties represent the forms that 

 previously fused. The Australoid furnishes an interesting example of 

 the fusion of two forms, and at the same time the production of two 

 different forms, although the secondary Australoid may represent ISTegrito 

 elements. 



There seems to be in man a life cycle of the following nature : The 

 crossing of diverse types induces a condition of Mendelism more or less 

 pure, depending upon the amount of resemblance between the types, 

 following which comes spurious Mendelism when the types begin to 

 blend and later no Mendelism but a tendency to blend and a tendency to 

 remain true to type until a perfect blend is formed. This is the first 

 cycle, and the perfect blend becomes a systematic species when sufficiently 

 stable. After this, the systematic species becomes diversified through 

 inherent variation acted upon by the environment, until differentiation 

 results in the formation of varieties with any one of which or all together 

 the cycle may be repeated. 



