464 



ADAMS. 



Noi'tli of MiUiJla, the fii^^l hu'gy rivei- wliich Iluws towiinl ^lanila Bay 

 and contains an impoi-tant amount of sand, is tlie Quingua. which flows 

 from the Eastei'n C'ovdillora ])ast Baliuag and Quingua and joins the 

 delta system of waterways wliich enters Manila Bay. Near the station of 

 Quingua, tliei-e is a switch of the Manila and Dagupan Hallway which 

 enters the ]'i\er hed and there a large amount of .=and, with which is 

 mixed some gravel, lias heen taken out and used on tlie road as ballast. 

 Tills material whicli will he referred to in this article as Quingua sand, 

 can be transported to Manila by water, but the distance is great and 

 the river near Quingua is often too shallow for navigation by launches. 

 Transportation by rail at the ])resent rates is prohibitive, and the cost 

 as compared with tisiial railway rates seems excessive. 



Pig. ]. — Index Map or Localities Producino Sand, Gravel and Crushed Stone. 



South of Manila there are no streams entering the bay which contain 

 deposits of gravel and sand, but all contribute small amounts to the 

 beach. At Cavite, sand has been obtained in dredging the anchorage in 

 front of the coal pockets on Sangley Point and considerable of it has 

 been used in Manila: the beach also furnishes a similar material. This 

 sand is referred to in this article nndei' the name of Sangley Point sand. 



Near the entrance to Manila Bay there are several places where beach 

 sands com].)Osed largely of comminuted shells may be obtained. They 



