Thomson. — WJience of the Maori. 



xlix 



Malagasi. 

 Falia roa — tlie second. 

 Faha dimy — the fifth. 

 Faha zato — the hundredth. 



The possessive pronouns are ko, nao, ny 

 — my, thy, his or her ; and nay, ntsikia, or 

 tsikia, nareo, ny, or njareo or jareo—onr, 

 your, their. 



The demonstrative adjectives have 

 various forms, the primary ones of which 

 are given, as under : 



SINGULAR. PLURAL. 



Iti/ — this. Ii-ett/ — these. 



Iroa — that. Iretoana — those. 



They precede and follow the words, thus : 

 ity lamba ity — this cloth ; ireo zaza ireo — 

 — these children. 



Participial adjectives are derived from 

 verbs : mkndy — buying ; nividy — bought ; 

 hividy — about to buy ; voavidy — bought. 



Compound adjectives are formed of two 

 simple words or more with hyphen between, 

 as : fotsi-volo — white haired. 



Conditional adjectives are formed by 

 adding koa raha, as : tsara koa raha tsara 

 — better if there be any one good. 



The superlative degree is used when the 

 quality of one thing exceeds that of two or 

 more. 



Tsara. Tsara noTio. Tsara indrindra. 



Good. Better. Best. 



Matsy. Ratsy kokoa noho. Ratsy indrindra 

 Bad. Worse. Worst. 



The pronominal affixes ko, nao, ny — sin- 

 gular ; nay, ntsikia, nareo, ny, or njareo — 

 plural, have the same power and significa- 

 tion, when joined to verbs in the passive 

 voice, with that of the personal pronoun in 

 the nominative case with verbs in the 

 active voice, as : manoratra aho — I write ; 

 soratako — written by me, i.e., I write. 



The relative pronouns are ilehy or lehy — 

 that; izay — that which, etc., as: ny omhy 

 izay no vonoiny ny olona — the bullocks 

 which were killed by the people. 



Examples of reflective pronouns are as 

 follows : izaho tena Many — I my own self 

 alone ; izaho tena makafantatra — I my own 

 self know. 



Verbs 



Malay. 

 Ka dua — the second. 

 Ka Lima — the fifth. 

 Ka ratiis — the hundredth. 

 After nouns, possessives are ku, kau, and 

 nia — my, thy, his or her ; and kami, kamu, 

 and diorang — ours, yours, theirs. Before 

 nouns, punia is interplaced, as : aku-punia 

 — my or mine. 



The forms are as follow : 



SINGULAR. PLURAL. 



Ini — this. Ini — these. 



Itu — that. iHi — those. 



The plural being denoted by baniak (many) 

 after the words, thus : ini kain — this cloth ; 

 ini anak baniak— these children. 



Memhili — buying ; suda lili — bought ; na 

 bill — about to buy. 



JBuhi (feather) putih (white) — white feathers 

 or down. 



Here by adding kalau ada, as : libih haik 

 kalau ada baik — better if there be any 



Here the form is : 

 Baik — good. Libih baik — better. Ter libih 



baik or baik sakali — best. 

 Korang — bad. Libih korang — worse. 



Ter libih korang or korang sakali — 



worst. 



The same forms are used, according to 

 contexts, as : aku meniurat or meniurat aku 

 — I write ; sural Tcu or sural ulih ku — 

 written by me. 



The relative pronouns are itu — that ; 

 eiya itu — that which, etc., as : limbu itu 

 iang de buno ulih orang. 



Here : aku sorong Jcindiri — I alone, my- 

 self ; aku kindiri mengatau-i — my own self 

 know. 



Reduplication also takes place, thus : 

 ber jalnn — to walk ; ber jalan-jalan — to 

 be walking continuously ; ber-chakup — to 

 speak ; ber-chaku]pchakup — to hold con- 

 versation. 



The verbs in their various phases are so 

 elaborate that salient points can only be 

 noticed. They are simple and reduplica- 

 tive, as : mandehandeha — to walk often 

 about, the simple verb being mandeha ; 

 miteny — to talk ; miteniteny — to be talk- 

 ative. 



In their moods there are peculiar inflec- There are properly no inflections, but 

 tions, according to the terminal consonants, incipient indications may be noted in the 



Note. — k and h final are not sounded in Malay. 



