346 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



14. Other consonants are preserved in MS. Irish. There is frequent 

 interchange in the use of Hl and d (aspirate) , and of cli and g (aspirate) ; d and 

 g tend to replace th and cli in unaccented s}dlables, especially with 

 palatalization, but there seems to be no regularity. Loss of a separating 

 vowel reduces honiorganic consonants to a simple sound non-aspirate. 

 Luguqrit = Luccrcth, where cc = c. 



15. Although the Ogham consonants, q and early v excepted, are identical 

 with those of later Irish, the identity only becomes apparent in modern Irish 

 orthography (from fourteenth century down), and is concealed in the 

 conventional orthography of Old and Middle Irish. Errors in equating 

 names may arise, and have arisen, from not observing the graphic distinctions 

 of the two systems. 



16. ISTo ascertained instance has been found in oghams (1) of the preser- 

 vation of Celtic intervocalic s, (2) of the persistence of Celtic nasals before 

 mutes. 



17. Ogham s (not initial) arises from an earlier group: cosa- = coxa, 

 -gus = -gust. 



18. Celtic nt, 7ic, appear as d, g, as in modern Irish. This sound probably 

 resulted immediately from the sinking of the nasal. For examples see § 20. 



19. The tenuis is expressed in Ogham spelling by the tenuis, in early MS. 

 spelling by the doubled tenuis. 



maqi = maicc, modern mic. 



mucoi = moccu. But Adamnan has usually mocio. 



Broci = hruicc, mod. hruic. 



Glasiconas = ^Glascon, nom. *Glaisiucc. 



20. The media is expressed in Ogham spelling by the media, in early MS- 

 spelling by the tenuis, sometimes, especially after r, by the doubled media. 



Decedas (from *decentos) = Dechct. 



S[e]dani 45, Sedan[i], J, 1895, p. 133 (from *Sentami) = Setni, Adamnan, 

 L, Arm., and AU 560, Setnai AU 562, nom. Setne L. Arm., modern Seadna. 



Corbbri, with helping vowel Coribiri = Coirpri L. Arm., modern Cairhre. 



Tegann, late Ogham for *Tegagni = Tcccin L. Arm. 



Deglann = Declmi, modern Deagldn, Diagldn. 



Liag = liac, liacc, modern Hag. 



Togittac 29 late o-stem gen., rightly equated by Macalister with MS. 

 Toidhech, Clonmacnois inscr. Toidheg ; toceth, later tocad = ' luck, fortune,' etc. 



21. As there is no distinction in Ogham spelling between the mutes and 

 the corresponding aspirates, so there is no distinction between the strong 

 values of the liquids, represented in MS. spelling by //, nn, rr, and the weak 

 values, represented by /, n, r. 



