Westeopp — Types of the Ring-Forts and similar Structures. 375 



marl, there being apparently no " little lake " near it ; Cahercreevagh, of the 

 branches ; Cahercragataska, of the eel-crag, 1729 ; Cahercottine, of the 

 Common of Tulla ; Cahirmore, big fort, 1655 ; Cahirgal, white fort — two 

 respectively near Maghera and Ballykilty, 1668 ; Cahirshane, old fort ; and 

 unclassed names like Gaberdine and Cahergeridan (see Fiant of 1580, and 

 Grant of 1665). The oldest and widest-spread fort-name, " Doon," is found 

 both near Tulla and Broadford,^ at Doonaun, Doon, and Knockadoon, besides 

 the name Dooneen at Ballydonohan Caher, as well as for a townland with a 

 curious giant's grave near Glooney.^ Eath and Sonnach names are non- 

 existent in our district, but are found near Inchicronan. 



The Quin Geoup {Ordnance Survey mcfps, 34, 42). 



4. — The townlands to the east of Quin abound in forts ; but, being populous 

 and divided into numerous farms, the antiquities have suffered not a little, 

 even since 1839. About half-way between Quin and Knappogue the large 

 fort of Kildrum has been much levelled since that date. It has a souterrain 

 in its garth, but it is now closed. South of the late peel-tower of Bally- 

 markahan we find, on a crag bushy with hazels, the remains of two cahers, 

 well built, with the usual excellent masonry and small filling, but reduced 

 to 3 or 4 feet in height, and featureless. Farther to the south-west remains 

 the broken dolmen of Knappoge, of which a description and plan are 

 published.^ Across the road and opposite the dolmen is part of the levelled 

 ring of a small fort ; another lies to the north-west, levelled, and of the 

 strangely common size of 102 feet wide. 



Ballymaekahan (42). — On the crags to the north-east, partly in 

 Knappogue and partly in Ballymarkahan, is a remarkable oblong stone fort. 

 The wall is rarely more than 4 feet high to the south, having been used as a 

 quarry when the boundary-wall was made between the townlands ; it is 6 to 7 

 feet high to the north. It is of good, regular masonry, with two faces of 

 blocks, many 3 feet 6 inches thick and 4 feet long. It varies a little in 

 thickness, being 6 feet 8 inches to the south, 6 feet 4 inches to the sides, and 

 7 feet 4 inches to the north. The section in Ballymarkahan is better 

 preserved ; and we see that the " corners " are rounded off, and excellently 

 built, having, like the straight reaches, a slope or batter of 1 in 3. The 



^ The latter has four earthen " forts" ; hut the one in the demesne is really a natural round- 

 topped knoll, Avith a slight bank 3 feet wide, and no fosse ; and despite its being shown on the map 

 of 1839 as a fort, we incline to consider it a late plantation-enclosure. The other is a real rath, 

 faced with a very modern wall. 



"^ See Proceedings, xxiv. (C), p. 101. ^ Proceedings, xxiv. (C), p. 102, 



