48 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



passage upward from the conglomerates into the quartzites,. 

 thence to the Longwood shales, and finally to the Decker Ferry- 

 limestones indicates a gradual but a steady advance of the ocean, 

 upon the land to the southeast." 



In New Jersey at the Nearpass quarry section, which is just 

 over the State line from Port Jervis in Orange county, N. Y., 

 the Bossardville limestone is just below the Decker Ferry and 

 below the former is the Poxino Island shale. As these two 

 formations lying below the Decker Ferry are not found either in 

 the Skunnemunk mountain region or the Rosendale region, they 

 probably represent, in part at least, a deeper sea facies of the 

 Binnewater quartzite. 



In the railroad cut at Cornwall, the High Falls shales are 119 

 feet thick, and the transition to the Binnewater is well shown.. 

 The beds are coarser below and change gradually into the softer 

 shales above. A few thin layers of lighter colored shale are 

 fgund interbedded in the High Falls, but the shale is mostly a 

 bright red. At the base some of the layers approach closely to 

 a quartzite. Cleavage is often highly developed in the red 

 shales, specially at the Townsend iron mine. The shale breaks- 

 into small angular fragments which are very abundantly shown 

 along the southern end of the east limb of the syncline. The- 

 High Falls shale is almost nonfossiliferous. The only fossils- 

 found were some crinoids stems and several specimens of a small 

 species of lamellibranch. The latter were from the red shale at. 

 the Townsend iron mine. 



Shawangunk conglomerate. This conglomerate in the Green 

 Pond mountain region of New Jersey has been called the Green, 

 Pond conglomerate. In the section studied the conglomerate is- 

 well exposed in both limbs of the syncline. The southern end. 

 of the west limb of the syncline is a high elevation made up 

 almost exclusively of the conglomerate. The strata are nearly 

 vertical and in places the surface is much worn and polished by 

 glacial action. The measured thickness is 250 feet, which, how- 

 ever, does not represent the entire thickness as a portion of the 

 conglomerate is concealed. The conglomerate is exposed at the- 

 railroad cut in both the east and west limbs of the syncline and 

 in the east end of the cut the contact with the High Falls shale 

 can be favorably seen. The conglomerate is characterized near 

 the top by beds of pebbles alternating with beds of red quartzite 

 without pebbles. The pebbles are mostly quartz and many have 

 a diameter of 2 inches. The top of the conglomerate is marked 

 by the last appearance of pebbles. The study of the High Falls 



