CLAYS OF NEW YOKK 495 



search, find the material most suited to his needs. In several plants 

 already established the plastic clays have been given np for shale, 

 this being true not only of works where ornamental wares are made, 

 but also of those manufacturing common brick. 



IText to the shale deposits it is probable that the clay beds of 

 Long Island have the most promising future. It is true that they 

 are at times pockety and the overburden is often considerable, but 

 nevertheless there is an abundance of material of good quality. 



Another noteworthy feature of the industry is the adoption of 

 more modem methods of molding and burning. Dry press and stiff 

 mud machines are frequently met with where they were not seen 

 six years ago. There is also progress in the use of the most approved 

 kilns, and those of the continuous type are gaining specially in 

 favor. Six years ago there was not one in use in the state. 



Many of the analyses given in the report are new, and a number 

 of physical tests have been made, particularly on the shales, in order 

 that they may be compared intelligently with some used in the 

 manufacture of standard products at. other localities. 



Thanks are due;, to the many manufacturers whO' have kindly 

 given aid and information in the preparation of this bulletin, and 

 through their liberality it has been possible to give many of the 

 illustrations which accompany the text. 



Heineich Eies 

 Ithaca N. Y., 10 June 1899 



