52 ft 



64 ft 



158 ft 



184 ft 



191 ft 



15 ft 



40 ft 



26 ft 



17 ft 



574 NEW YOKE STATE MUSEUM 



An idea of tlie deptli of clay and allnvinm in the Genesee valley 

 may be liad from, the following table. The figures have been taken 

 from the records of salt wells. 



York^ York salt co. Clay 



Piffard^ Genesee salt co. Clay and gravel 



" Livingston salt CO. "ISoil"^ 



Cuylerville^ " Soil " 



Mt Morris^ Eoyal salt co. "Soil" 



For other localities the following depths are given. 



Aurora^ Blue clay 



Wyoming^ Pioneer well Soil and clay 



Warsaw^ Standard salt co. Surface, soil and 



clay 



" Gouinlock and Humphrey clay 



There are a number of these deposits which are of sufficient in- 

 terest, geologically as well as commercially, to be mentioned in some 

 detail. 



At Dunkirk there is a bed of clay having a depth of over 20 feet. 

 The upper 6 feet are yellow and of a sandy nature, while the 

 lower two thirds are blue and of much better quality. It is men- 

 tioned by Prof. Hall^ in his report, and is an instructive example 

 of the manner in which the clay changes in color, downward as far 

 as the water can percolate and oxidize the iron. 



Around Buffalo is an extensive series of flats underlain by a red 

 clay. A thin layer of sand suitable for tempering overlies the clay 

 in spots, and limestone pebbles are scattered through it. Similar 

 deposits occur at several localities to the north of the ridge ^road 

 and around ISTiagara Falls, also at Tonawanda and La Salle, to the 

 north of Buffalo, as well as south of it along the shore of Lake Erie. 

 Much of this clay was deposited during the former extension of the 

 great lakes. 



Prof. Hall mentions deposits of clay at the following localities: 

 at Linden one mile south of Yates Ctenter;^ along the shore of Lake 



' I. P. Bishop. 5th ann. repH N. Y. state geologist. 1885. 

 ^ The term soil is probably meant to indicate sand and clay. 



^ Ann. rep't Onondaga salt springs. 1888. p. 19. 



4 CeoL ZVeit' Yorfc, 4th district. 1843. p. 362. 



5 " p. 437. 



