CLAYS or NEW YORK 581 



We now come to a narrow portion of the river from Staatsburg 

 to JSTew Hamburg, where the terrace if present is of small extent, 

 and presnmably underlain by drift material. 



Where the river broadens out again at Roseton, at the head of 

 ISTewburgh bay, there is a thick bed of clay. It is nearly all blue 

 and underlies the remnant of a terrace 120 feet high, which has 

 escaped entire destruction owing to its position in a reentrant 

 angle of the upper Cambrian limestone ridge along the river at 

 this pbint. The overlying stratified sand and gravel is 10 to 15 

 feet thick. At Jova's upper yard the clay rests on the glaciated 

 limestone, over whose surface are scattered several boulders of 

 the same rock. The clay at Kose's yard is 180 feet thick, while 

 that at Jova's has a total thickness of 240 feet. A boring of 135 

 feet made at Rose's vard at river level is of interest in connec- 

 tion with the depth of the pregiacial channel of the Hudson. 



Borings recently made indicate that most of the 135 feet is sandy 

 blue clay.^ 



About 800 feet south of Roseton station the material under the 

 terrace is a yellowish loamy clay, thinly stratified. This may be 

 a portion of the secondary cone of the delta of Wappinger's creek 

 at ISTew Hamburg, North of this a cutting has been made in the 

 terrace escarpment, the section exposed showing alternating layers 

 of yellow and black sand. 



From Newburgh to ISTew Windsor the clay is overlain by the ex- 

 tensive delta deposits of Quassaic creek and Moodna river. To the 

 east of Mre T. Christie's yard the clay, which is mostly blue and 

 thin layered, is overlaid by fine gravel and sand obscurely cross- 

 stratified in places. Over this is 3 to 4 feet of sandy soil. The 

 upper layers of the clay are wrinkled in places, probably owing 

 to the oblique downward pressure of the overlying delta deposits. 

 It seems likely that at this spot only a small portion of them re- 

 mains, much having probably been eroded. At Lang's yard, south 

 of Christie's, there is 4 to 6 feet of sand and gravel over the clay, 



ir. A. I. M. E. 1899. 29: 76. 



