5S4: Is'EW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



diorite, gneiss and red sandstone. About 600 feet to tlie west of 

 tlie yard of D. Fowler jr & Washburn the clay is being excavated 

 in the terrace escarpment, which is here 45 tO' 50 feet high. It is 

 mostly blue, thinly stratified and overlain by obscurely stratified 

 gravel and sand. In this excavation was a small ice-scratched 

 boulder which had been foimd in the clay. At J. Brennan's yard 

 the clay is overlain by 2 to 3 feet of fine sand, and on this is a 

 layer of indistinctly stratified fine gravel 6 to 7 feet thick, 

 with a covering of 'one foot of soil. The terrace at this point is 

 about 50 feet high. Cobbles 1 to 2 feet in diameter of granite, 

 gneiss and pegmatite were found in this bank. Farther south at 

 Peck's yard, several boulders of granite, limestone and sandstone 

 were found in the clay. Those seen were in the lower portion of the 

 bed, but I was told that several had been found in the upper 

 portion. 



Along the river behind the yards of the Excelsior and Diamond 

 brick CO-, most of the overlying material has been removed by 

 stripping, but, judging from what is left, it must have been 10 to 

 15 feet thick. South of Haverstraw the contact of the clay with 

 the underlying drift can be observed, the clay thinning out as it 

 approaches the hill. Some 2 miles south from Haverstraw, and 

 half way between the stations of Ivy Leaf and Thiells on the ISTew 

 York & ISTew Jersey railroad in the valley of Ivory creek, is a basin- 

 shaped deposit of clay belonging to E. W. Christie. It is not over 

 15 feet thick as determined by boring, and has a slightly elliptic 

 outline. The valley in which it lies is full of glacial material, and 

 contains numerous kames, whose axes lie parallel to the direction 

 of the valley. The clay is underlain by drift material containing 

 boulders of quartzite, calciferous sandrock, granite, sandstone, 

 gneiss and schist. Over the clay is 1 to 2 feet of sand contain- 

 ing large ice-scratched stones of quartzite, gneiss and schist. This 

 clay deposit was probably formed in a small lake. If it were a 

 portion of the Hudson river estuary deposits, it would indicate a 

 much greater submergence than 100 feet, supposed for this region. 



