CLAYS OF NEW YOKE 611 



with those of the mainland of E'ew Jersey and that the plants found 

 in them would prove to be identical with those found on the main- 

 land, but this has not turned out to be the case. Many of them 

 are identical, but still a number have been found on the island that 

 have not been found on the mainland, and he considers that the 

 Staten Island beds represent a higher member of the Amboy series. 

 In plates 18 and 19 are given the more characteristic species 

 taken from Dr Hollick's papers. 



Occurrence of clay in the United States 



In the following pages a brief summary is given of the occurrence 

 of clay in other portions of the United States. For those desiring 

 to obtain more detailed information tJie references are given in 

 each case. 



Alahama^ 



With the exception of the loams and clays used in making com- 

 mon and ornamental bricks, and to a limited extent paving and 

 fire brick, the clays of Alabama are practically undeveloped. 



Brick clays and loams. Material for common building brick, and 

 that most extensively used, is the yellow loam of the second bottom 

 or terraces of the rivers and larger streams, which traverse the 

 coastal plain. 



In the Paleozoic formation are deposits of clay and loam, partly 

 of a residual nature or sometimes of sedimentary origin, which 

 are frequently made into brick. Of these the ordinary red clays 

 make a brick which is generally hard and durable. 



At Oxford a clay occurs which burns to a cream colored brick. 

 Similar clays are used in the same way near Anniston and other 

 points in the Coosa valley region. 



Vitrified brick are made from the shale occurring with the coal 

 at Ooaldale in Jefferson co. Materials of this kind also exist at 

 other points in the Coal Measures. 



1 E. A. Smith. " Clays of Ala.," Ala. ind. & sci. soc. 27. 1892. Ala. geol. 

 surv. 1900. H. Ries. Preliminary report on clays of Ala. 



