622 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Stoneware clays. They occur in four different geologic forma- 

 tions: 1) as pockets in Paleozoic limestone in the southern half of 

 the state, similar to the flint clays; 2) as seams of some fire clays 

 in the Coal Measures of the northwestern half of the state; 3) as 

 beds in the Tertiary, in the southeastern corner of the state, which 

 are by far the most prominent; 4) as local beds in the northern part 

 of the state. These are unreliable. The stoneware industry of 

 Missouri is at present very small, being represented by a few small 

 scattered works. 



Shales. These are the important portion of the Missouri clay 

 materials. Important deposits exist around Kansas City, and 

 St Louis; they are usied for the manufacture of terra cotta, roofing 

 tile, sewer pipe, drain tile, and flower pots. The paving brick 

 industry which also depends on this material is represented by 13 

 plants located in the central and western region of the state. 



Brick clays. These include loess clay, glacial, residual clays, and 

 alluvial clays. The first are the most important in Missouri. They 

 make a good grade of brick and are easily worked; they are also 

 uniform in quality and hardness. Their chief development is 

 along the Missouri and the Mississippi rivers, the beds of the former 

 being sometimes as much as 200 feet in thickness. The glacial 

 clays are variable in character. The residual ones are usually very 

 tenacious, and crack in burning. The alluvial ones are likewise 

 variable. The Gumbo clays are chiefiy used in making railroad 

 ballast. The northern part of the state is rich in them. 



New Jersey 



In 1878 the llTew Jersey geological survey issued an extremely 

 valuable report on the clay resources of that state. The clays of 

 !N^ew Jersey are Quaternary, Tertiary, and Cretaceous, the latter 

 including beds of fire clays, fire sands, and white burning clays, 

 which are commonly, but erroneously, called kaolins. 



The clays extend across the state in a belt 5 to 8 miles wide, from 

 Perth Amboy to Trenton; the deposits on Staten Island are a con- 

 tinuation of this belt. 



