654 



NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The processes are not wholly distinct from leach other, as there 

 are machines that may be used as well in connection with one as 

 the other. For instance, in preparing the clay for molding in a 

 stiff mud machine, we may use either a pug mill or a pan crusher, 

 though the latter belongs preferably tO' the dry clay process. What- 

 ever be the method, the manufacture of clay into brick involves the 

 fo'llowing steps, preparation, molding, drying, burning. Below is 

 a classified arrangement of the stages in the process of brickmaking 

 and machines used. 



Methods 



Digging by pick or shovel at any portion of 



bank 

 Bench working 



Undermining ^ 



Steam shovel 

 Plows and scrapers 

 Dredging 



Machines used 



f Carts I 



[ Cars on tracks, drawn by horses 

 Haulage ^ ^^^^^ 



Mining the clay 



I 



TTT- 1 i Self-actinsr 



Wire rope planes i ° 



Steam power 



Crushers ] r t 



( J aw crushers 





toua.K pma 

 Ring pits 



Preparing and tern- ^ 

 pering 



Pug mills \ ?J^^lf 1 Hoiizontal 

 "^ I Double ( Vertical 



Pan crushers i ^"'* P^^ 

 ( Dry pans 



Disintegrators 



BaU mills 



? 



( Inclined 

 Screens i Rotary 

 ' ' Shaking 



