CLAYS OF NEW YOEK 701 



it being situated along the river. Their clay is mostly Lhie and 

 rises in a bank to the hight of 130 feet. It has been excavared 

 to 8 feet above mean tide. The upper 10 feet is yellow sand; 

 a thin strip of yellow clay separates it from the red. The lower 

 third of the bank is somewhat sandy; the best results are obtained 

 by a mixture of the upper and lower portions of the clay. Both 

 pallets and open yards are used for drying; the former at the yard 

 situated on the terrace. A short distance below Washburn Bros, 

 is F. M. Yan Dusen's yard. The clay is blue, TO feet thick and 

 is underlain by shale whose surface is glaciated. Several feet of 

 loam overlie the clay. Tempering sand is brought from Wilbur 

 on Rondout creek. J. Porter's yard adjoins Van Dusen's on the 

 south. The clay lies on a ridge of shale which rises steeply from 

 the shore toi a hight of 60 feet. The brick yard is at the foot of 

 the cliS and was started in 1891. Plows and scrapers are used to 

 mine the clay, which is of a yellow color, and overlain by 3 feet of 

 loam. Carts are used for hauling the clay. About a mile below 

 this are the yards of C. H. Littlefield, A. Rose & Co. and D. C. 

 Overbaugh. The three are close together. A ridge of shale rises 

 steeply from the river and behind this the clay lies. The terrace 

 here is 150 feet high, and borings which have been made show a 

 depth of 60 feet (see table). The clay is quite dry, and mostly 

 yellow. It is worked by picks and undermining. Carts haul it 

 to the edge of the cliff, where it is sent down shoots to the tem- 

 pering pits. The drying is done on pallets at Rose's yard. 



Arlington, Dutchess co. Plagier & Allen. The clay deposit, 

 which is yellow, is situated half a mile east of Poughkeepsie and 

 has an extent of about 40 acres of clay, it averages from 6 to 8 feet 

 in depth. This is easily worked, there being only a stripping of 

 6 inches of sod. Underneath the yellow is considerable blue clay. 

 The yellow is of course the weathered portion. The clay is tem- 

 pered in soak pits and about 20,000 brick are made daily. The 

 machinery is run by horse power. Repressed brick are also made. 

 The clay burns a cherry red. 



