CLAYS OF NEW YORK ^03 



point at the cost of 40c a cubic yard. The manufacture of drain 

 tile, hollow brick and sewer pipe has been attempted with this clay, 

 but was given up, it is said, for financial reasons. Ferier & Golden's 

 yard is situated on the opposite side of the street from McLean's, 

 and their clay bank is practically a continuation of his. Their tem- 

 pering sand is carted from near the West Shore railroad station, a 

 distance of about three quarters of a mile. Drying is done in tun- 

 nels. The bricks are burnt with wood, though it is said that 

 petroleum was used for a while successfully. Thfe bricks are run 

 down to the dock on cars. Lying along the creek north of the 

 bridge is the Derbyshire brick co.'s yard. Most of the drying is 

 done under sheds. The clay is both blue and yellow and is dug 

 in a rather steep face, often causing it to slide. The blue has been 

 excavated to 38 feet from tide level, and its upper limit is 82 feet 

 above tide; over this is 12 feet of yellow clay and 3 feet of loam. 

 The tempering sand is obtained about half a mile from the works. 

 As at the preceding yard, the bricks are loaded on cars at the kiln 

 and run down^to the dock. 



Hudson., Columbia co. There are three yards at this town. 

 J. Fitzgerald's Sons' yard is situated in a reentrant curve of the 

 shore, and about 300 yards east of it is the yard of Arkison Bros. 

 The former is no longer in operation. Both these firms obtain 

 their clay from different faces of the same hill. The clay, which 

 is fairly dry, is mined with plows and scrapers. It is blue and 

 yellow, from YO to 80 feet thick, overlain by 2 feet of loam, and 

 underlain by grayish black sand. 



W. E. Bartlett's brick yard is also situated along the shore, 

 about one quarter of a mile north of Hudson. The clay is similar to 

 that farther down at Fitzgerald's. Scrubby pines cover the sur- 

 face at this locality. The bank is worked in benches. King pits 

 are used for tempering. 



Stuyvesant, Columbia co. Walsh Bros, have two yards situ- 

 ated along the river midway between Stuyvesant and Coxsackie. 

 All the clay thus far mined is yellow in color, very tough and un- 



