CLAYS OF KEW YOllK 705 



adjoin each, other. The one nearest town belongs to Sntton Sr. 

 Snderly, and is worked by them and four other persons. Their 

 clay is obtained from the bank west of the yard. It is both blue 

 and yellow, chiefly the former, with streaks of fine sand. 



The following partial analysis has been made of Sntton & Sud- 

 erly's clay. 



Silica 51.10 



Alumina . . 17. 65 



Peroxid of iron 6 . 47 



Lime 7.45 



Magnesia .87 



Being of a soft nature, the clay is dug with shovels at any con- 

 venient point at the base of the bank, which is 120 feet in hight. 

 A charge of dynamite is usually exploded in the bank in the spring, 

 thus bringing down a large mass of clay to a level with the yard. 

 The clay does not have to be hauled more than 150 feet to the 

 machines. A drivepipe well sunk near the owners' barn on top 

 of the terrace (140 feet above mean tide) some 300 feet back from 

 the river, showed 70 feet of clay and 60 feet of sand. The sand 

 underlying the clay is of a grayish black color, consisting chiefly of 

 grains of quartz and shale, the latter predominating.^ Grains of 

 garnet and feldspar, and large pebbles of quartz are scattered 

 through it. The sand after being screened is used for tempering. 

 The upper limit of the underlying sand varies, at the north end of 

 the property rising to within a few feet of the terrace level, while 

 some 300 feet south of this the clay has been excavated to 15 feet 

 above mean tide without striking sand. 



Adjoining Sutton & Suderly on the north are the brick works of 

 Corwin & Cullough, sublet by them to T. Finnegan and Delaney 

 & Lavender. The clay, which is obtained just west of the yard, 

 has been excavated to 7 feet above mean tide and bottom not yet 



1 This underlying material is much faulted owing to the pressure of the 

 clay above it. 



