CLAYS OF NEW YOEK 709 



Saratoga, C. L. Williams. The yard is situated about one mile 

 from the town, 600 feet from the Delaware and Hudson railroad. 

 Mr "Williams has about 50 acres of clay land, the clay running 

 6 feet thick. It is blue, with the upper portion of it weathered 

 to yellow. There is a stripping of about 1 foot of loam. The clay 

 is put through a crusher first; it is then pugged and molded. The 

 bricks are dried on pallets, the racks having a capacity of 260,000. 

 Wood is used for burning, being obtained from a lot of 200 acres 

 near the yard. The product is chiefly used locally. 



The other brick yard at Saratoga is owned by D. Davidson. It 

 is situated at the outskirts of the town, just west of Judge Hilton's 

 yard. The clay bank, which is about 28 feet thick, is about 150 

 feet from the yard; it is stratified, the layers being from 1 to 8 

 inches thick and separated by thin laminae of sand. The clay is of 

 a light brown color, being underlain by calciferous limestone and 

 overlain by a foot of soil. Mr Davidson has 22 acres of clay land. 

 Tempering is done in ring pits and the clay is molded in a soft mud 

 machine. Drying is done in an open yard, and burning in scove- 

 kilns. The fuel used is hard wood. 



Other eastern yards 



Hoosich Falls, Kensselaer co. John Dolan's clay bank is about 

 40 feet high and has an extent of six acres. It is used for making 

 building brick. The product is consumed in the vicinity. 



Middle Granville, Washington co. J. H. Pepper is the only 

 manufacturer at this locality. His clay bank is 45 feet high, and 

 2000 feet long. The clay is blue, and scattered through it are 

 some streaks of sand. A bed of gray sand 20 feet in thickness un- 

 derlies the clay and is in turn underlain by slate. 



Plattshurg, Clinton co. There are several yards here. That 

 of J. Ouimet lies at the north end of the town. It is an open yard 

 and the bricks are made by horse power. The clay which is hard 

 and touch is of a vellowish brown and red color and is mined with 

 plows. 



