CLAYS OF NEW YOKK 



723 



Plows are used to mine tlie clay; coke and coal are used to bum tlie 

 brick in stationary kilns witb one fire tO' each arcb. 



Tbe bank of tbe Lancaster brick co. is similar to tbe one just 

 mentioned, skewing: 



8 feet red clay 

 •| foot blue clay 

 4 feet gray clay 

 Rock 



Limestone pebbles are also present and tbe clay after drying is 

 screened. Tbe bricks are burned in stationary kilns, coke being 

 used for tbe water-smoking and coal for tbe subsequent firing. 



Buffalo^ Erie co. At East Buffalo is an extensive series of 

 flats underlain by red clay wbicb varies in deptb from 6 to 20 feet. 

 Tbe following firms situated cbiefiy on Clinton street use tbe 

 clay for making brick: Cbarles Berrick & Sons, Brusb Bros., 

 H. Dietscbler & Son, F. Haake, L. Ejirkover, Scb.usler & Co., 

 G. W. Scbmidt. Tbeir combined production in 1892 was 65,- 

 000,000 brick. Tbe clay is said to rest on tbe underlying rock. 



Tbe following is an analysis of it. 



Silica 57 . 36 



Alumina . 16 . 20 



Peroxid of iron 4.55 



Lime 5 . 34 



Magnesia 3.90 



Alkalis 6.98 



94.33 



Pebbles of limestone are scattered tbrougb it in places, and at a 

 few spots several feet of yellow sand, suitable for molding or tem- 

 pering, covers tbe clay. Below tbe limit of weatbering tbe clay is 

 blue, wbicb does not give as nice a colored brick as tbe red. Tbe 

 addition of tempering sand is not considered necessary. Soak pits 



