726 NEW YOEK STATE MUSEUM 



An analysis of this clay made by C. Eichardson in tlie office of 

 tlie engineering commissioners, at Washington, showed: 



Silica 64.45 



Alumina IT . Y7 



Peroxid of iron 7 . 04 



Lime .58 



Magnesia 1.85 



Potash 2.52 



Soda 1.95 



Insol. in acid 88 . 74 



W. H. Signor owns the other yard at Hornellsville. His clay 

 bank is owned by M. Adsit. It is a shallow deposit, not over 7 feet 

 thick and underlain by quicksand, the latter allowing the inflow 

 of water from the neighboring stream. The bricks are molded by 

 an auger machine, dried in the sun and burnt in scove-kilns, the 

 burning occupying about seven days. 



Alfred, Steuben co. Alfred clay co. This is another yard 

 using a shale, which is in the same geologic horizon as that at 

 Hornellsville. The works are on the Erie railroad a few hundred, 

 yards south of the, station. They have but recently commenced 

 operations. A semi-dry clay brick is made. To dampen the ground 

 clay, it is discharged from the hopper into a long box of square cross- 

 section in which a worm screw revolves. The axis of the screw is 

 hollow and has nipples projecting into the tube three fourths of an 

 inch, so that, if any of the steam which is injected to dampen the 

 clay condenses, it will not escape into the clay. The shale used is 

 mined near the yard and hauled in carts to the dry pan. Burning 

 is done in a continuous kiln. 



Big-flats, Chemung co. ISTear tlie village is an extensive bed of 

 clay owned by 3". R. Lowe. It underlies an area of about 50 acres. 

 Excavations have been carried to a depth of 15 feet without reach- 

 ing the bottom of the deposit. The clay is of a bluish gray color. 



