CLAYS OF NEW YOKK Y2Y 



Mr Lowe manufactures drain tile only, most of which are for private 

 use. 



Horseheads, Chemung co. The Horseheads brick co. has a clay 

 deposit several acres in extent, having an average thickness of about 

 20 feet. There is a covering of about 10 inches of soil, and under- 

 lying the clay are sand and gravel. At present the material used is 

 chiefly shale. {8ee also under " Shale," p. 839.) 



The shale bank is on the north side of the valley and the shale is 

 brought over to the works in cars. The softer portions are crushed 

 in a dry pan, but hard pieces are crushed in a Blake crusher. The 

 yard, which turns out common brick, has a capacity of 40,000 a day. 

 The soft mud process and tunnel driers are used, and burning is 

 done in a Haigh continuous kiln. 



Ehnira. P. J. Weyer is manufacturing common brick from 

 the same kind of shale as is used at Horseheads, but the quarry is 

 at a higher elevation. The bricks are burned in a Wilford contin- 

 uous kiln. 



Breesportj Chemung co.^ About a mile and a half south of the 

 town are the yards of the Empire state brick co,, Locy Bros., and 

 P. M. C. G^wnsend. The bank from which they obtain their clay 

 lies along the eastern side of the valley. It is about half a mile long 

 and has a hight of 50 feet. It is chiefly of a bluish color and is 

 stratified in places. 



We give herewith the analysis of the clay: 



Silica . 52 . 48 



Alumina 16 . 78 



Peroxid of iron 6 . Y9 



Lime 6.63 



Magnesia 3.59 



Alkalis 7.16 



93.43 



1 Since this was written for the original report in 1895, the yards have 

 been dismantled. 



