T34 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Carts are used to haul it to the yard. Pumps have to be used 

 to keep out the water which comes up through the underlying 

 sand. The clay is tempered without the addition of sand in ring 

 pits run by horse power. The bricks are dried either on the open 

 yard or on pallets and burnt in scove-kilns with wood. They are 

 shipped on the Long Island railroad, which passes by the yard. 



Oyster Bay, Queens co. An extensive deposit of clay is being 

 worked on Center island, in Oyster bay, by Dunn, Dolan & Co. 

 They manufacture common brick. The bank adjoins the yard, 

 and the clay, which is in thin layers, separated by fine laminae of 

 sand, is of a bluish color in the lower portions of the deposit, brown- 

 ish above. The brown clay is more sandy; there is 6 or '8 feet of 

 it. Over the brown is a less gritty and tougher clay, which runs 

 nearly to the surface. The total hight of the bank is about 25 

 feet, but the front is broken up into several wide benches. Springs 

 issue from several sandy spots in the blue clay. In making the 

 brick the different grades of clay are mixed together, a certain pro- 

 portion of sand, and some coal dust added. Ring pits are used 

 for tempering. The brick are dried on an open yard and burned 

 in scove-kilns. They settle 8 to 10 inches in burning. 



West neck, Suffolk co. The clay at this locality rises in a bank 

 to a hight of over 100 feet. There are three yards but only two 

 are active. Both are along the east shore of Coldspring Harbor. 

 The most southern one belongs to Dr Jones. The clay in this bank 

 is of a red and brown color, there being about 25 feet of the latter 

 at the bottom, while above it is the red, which is of a more sandy 

 nature. There is an upper covering of 15 or 20 feet of yellow 

 gravel and sand, which after screening is used for tempering. This 

 latter is done in ring pits. All the machinery is run by horse power. 

 The bricks are dried on an open yard and burnt in scove-kilns. The 

 product is loaded on schooners and sent to ISTew England and ISTew 

 York city. The lower brown clay has been used for coarser grades 

 of pottery. Its composition is given below. 



