736 NEW YORK STATE SIUSEUM 



About a mile west of Longbottom's, situated along the shore, is 

 the yard of R. Sammis. His land extends 2000 feet along the 

 shore and in the whole of that distance the clay crops out from un- 

 derneath the sands and gravels. The lower portion of the clay is a 

 bluish red, the upper, red in color and somewhat more gritty. The 

 clay is rather tough but not so dry as Longbottom's. The carting 

 is done along the shore; the overlying sands which are highly stained 

 with iron are used for tempering. A cutting has been made in the 

 cliff just east of the yard for tempering sand. The bricks are burnt 

 with wood. 



Greenport, Suffolk co. The works of the Long Island brick co. 

 are some 2 miles west of Greenport on the shore of Pike's cove, 

 opposite Shelter island. Its clay is a glacial deposit of red color, 

 rather tough and contains numerous stones. Mr Sage, the owner, 

 claims a depth of 64 feet for the deposit in places. Several open- 

 ings have been made in it, one of them 24 feet deep. It is said to 

 thin out to the east of the yard, where it is found to be underlain 

 by hardpan. It is undermined, the working face being about 8 feet 

 high; and the clay is hauled to the machines in carts. It is tempered 

 in soak pits, with the addition of one third its volume of sand. Hema- 

 tite is also added in order to produce a good color in burning. The 

 bricks are dried on pallets or on open yards. They are burnt in 

 scove-kilns, loaded on schooners and shipped largely to Connecticut. 

 Many also go to points on Long Island. 



Southold, Suffolk CO. 2 miles east of the village is C. L. 

 Sandford's yard. The clay is similar to Sage's. Mr Sanford has 

 about 29 acres of clay. It is worked chiefly by undermining, the 

 working face being about 10 feet in hight. In places, gravel is 

 scattered through it, but in others it is very free from stones. Bor- 

 ings have shown a depth of 65 feet of clay. The clay and coal dust 

 are put into rectangular soak pits and from these are shoveled into 

 the machine, the tempering sand not being added till then. The 

 drying is done on pallets, whose total capacity is 154,000. Most 

 of the product goes to Connecticut by schooner. 



