REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR I916 45 



vation had ceased for the winter. A systematic search resulted in 

 the finding of two more pieces, belonging to the leg and foot, which 

 are transmitted with this report. A sketch map with cross-section 

 of the area is also submitted. 



The chief interest of this find is the character of the occurrence. 

 The locality is a gravel pit on the west side of a high drumlin hill 

 one mile due northwest of Savannah, N. Y., at the northwest corner 

 of what Fairchild has aptly called the " heart of the drumlin area." 

 The isolated nature of this drumlin mass, surrounded by wide 

 marshes as is strikingly shown by his plate 12 of Bulletin iii of 

 the Museum, is due to the fact that it was an island or rather an 

 archipelago in the waters of glacial Lake Iroquois. The gravel pit 

 itself, which is about 1400 feet due north of the power house (stop 

 number 6y) on the Rochester, Syracuse & Eastern electric rail- 

 way, is dug in one of the beach spits built by the waves of the lake, 

 and its summit level of about 420 feet above the sea therefore 

 marks the position of the ancient water surface. This level is over 

 30 feet above the surrounding marshes, indicating clearly that at 

 no point between this mass and the mainland or the neighboring 

 islands could the icy waters of Lake Iroquois have been less than 

 30 feet deep. Nor was it anywhere less than one-fourth of a mile 

 across to the nearest other land, which was, like itself, an island. 



There is every reason to believe, nevertheless, that the bones were 

 buried in these beach gravels by the waves themselves, and at the 

 time when Lake Iroquois was at its full height. In no other way 

 could they have become so interstratified with the beach shingle. 

 Three pits have been opened here: a large one (90 by 325 feet) on 

 the west slope of the spit by the trolley company during the con- 

 struction of their line, and two smaller ones (respectively 50 by 

 170 and 40 by 80 feet) on the crest of the beach for road metal. 

 These upper pits are shallow, not over 6 feet deep, in the finer sur- 

 face gravels, stopping when they reach the underlying coarse 

 gravels that appear in the railway pit just below them. It is the 

 larger and fresher of these shallow upper pits that has furnished 

 the remains so far found. Besides the portions that have been 

 saved, a crumbling tusk appears to have been shovelled in with 

 the gravel, and there is no knowing how many other small bones or 

 fragments have been distributed upon the roads of the town. The 

 two pieces just collected lay unrecognized among the rejected larger 

 cobbles. 



The separation of the parts, especially the isolation of the teeth, 

 and the fact that the pieces found have belonged to various portions 



