l()0 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [.TiUl. 1 1 . 



detailod roport. The oiitlior at Knowlo is of limitod extent, beiiif? 

 about a mile and a half in length and half a mile broad. It occurs 

 in the midst of the Ked Marl, by which it is surrounded on all sides. 

 A few bands of limestone are seen cropping out on the side of tho 

 canal ; but the main mass is (]uarried by a shaft, so that the order 

 of succession is not very easy to be traced ; and as the works did 

 not pay, they have been again closed, though a (piantily of stone 

 was raised in 18r>7. Judging from the blocks of stone and shale 

 still remaining, they seem to represent the Saurian beds ; and the 

 presence of beautifully preserved specimens oi AnutiCDutix pltuiorhis 

 contirms this. Some of the masses of linu^stone are of large size, 

 and contain remains of 8a\mans, scales of Fish, (htn'a. Jlodiola, 

 Cardiion, and a few other shells; the black laminated shales yield, 

 besides the A. plauorhis, a small I\ctcii and plates of a Cidarh. 

 It is impossible to say whether the Insect-limestone occurs beneath; 

 if it does, it is probably contiued te a single stratum, because tho 

 Lias here is both of limited extent and thickness. A few yards 

 distant froni the shaft some dark shales may be observed resting 

 \ipon lied ]\[arl ; and amongst these, on tho top of a small bank, I 

 obtained fragments of a yellmv micaceous sandstoiu^, with Piillasfra 

 annicola, a shell which always prevails low down in the series, in 

 close connexion with the " bone-bed." and seems to have a very 

 limited range. The sectioTi, unfortunately, is so covered up and ob- 

 scure that I could not detect any " bone-bed " /;; situ ; but at all 

 events a band of sandstone connected Avith it may be traced at 

 this spot, the furthest point northwards hitherto recorded in "War- 

 wickshire. This fact gives nw additional interest to this small 

 patch of Lias in this district. Mr. Hugh Strickland had noticed the 

 same sandstone and associated black shales at a spot in the neigh- 

 bourhood of lUdford. about tifteen miles south-east of this, ^fr, 

 Howell, of the Geological Survey, informs me that he has found this 

 sandstone in an outlier of Lias not far from Uttoxeter, in North 

 Staftbrdshire. which is the most northern extension of the Eha^tic 

 beds hitherto known. Another outlier, but of larger extent, occurs 

 at Wootton Lark, near Henley-in-Arden ; and at this point some of 

 the lowest beds may be traced, from the l\ctin VaJonioisis bed up to 

 the Lima-beds. ]\Iany specimens of Cardi)iiiX oi'ali.-i, so abundant in 

 these latter, may be picked up in the tields ; and the old workings 

 of former quarries afford fragments of the Pecten- and Cypris- or 

 Estheria-beds, and tlie little freshwater plant, Naiadita Jancadata. 

 At Shelltield, on the western escarpment of the outlier, a snuvll 

 quarry is worked, exposing light-coloured shale with 3Iodiola 

 ■)ni)ii»ia, and tliT'ee layers of hard blue limestone containing Ostrca 

 iidssica. Similar strata are seen at Ih-own's "W'ood ; and in both 

 places the " Insect-beds." with the ordinary insect-remains, but 

 unusually " abiuidant and well preserved," may be traced in their 

 normal position, underlain by the Estheria- and recten-beds. The 

 entire section resembles that at Wainlode Clitf, in Gloucestershire, 

 excepting that the basement-beds overlying the Eed Marl are much 

 reduced in thickness in "Warwickshire : but that they are to some 



