1865.J 



JAMIESON LAST CHANGES IN SCOTLAND. 



161 



extent represented is clear, from the presence liere of Pecfen Valoni- 

 ensis and the small bivalve Crustacean Estheria minuta, and of Pul- 

 lastra arenicola at Copt Heath. 



As most of the available stone in this outlier has been worked out, 

 it is very difficult to get a section exposed, or to trace out the suc- 

 cession of the strata with any accuracy. Northwards, towards 

 Moreton Bagot, the Estheria-bed is seen, and a limestone which be- 

 longs either to the Firestone or the White Lias, containing a species 

 of small Coral not uncommon in this latter stratum. 



The outlier at Brown's Wood is traversed by a line of fault run- 

 ning from north-west to south-east. This is entirely separated from 

 the larger mass of Lias at Stooper's Wood, south of Warren Manor. 

 The Lias in each case forms a long ridge or terrace, at a considerable 

 height above the New Eed Sandstone. 



These two remnants of the Lias are the extreme limit of that 

 formation in Warwickshire in a northerly direction ; and no trace 

 of it appears again nearer than the outlier in North Staifordshire 

 before mentioned, and the other remarkable outlier on the borders 

 of Cheshire and Shropshire, long since described by Sir R. I. Mur- 

 chison *. 



When the limit of the Lias has been fully determined, the strata 

 below the Saurian beds, referred to in this paper, will probably 

 come within the Rhsetic series of the Trias. 



Glacial. 



2. On the History of the Last Geological Changes in Scotland. 

 By Thomas F. Jamieson, Esq., F.G.S., Fordyce Lecturer in the 

 University of Aberdeen. 



Contents. 



1. Introduction. 



2. Preglacial traces. 



3. Period of Land-ice. 



a. GHaciation of the rocky surface. 



b. Boulder-earth or Glacier-mud. 



4. Period of depression. 



a. Glacial-marine beds. 



b. Character of the fossils. 



c. Boulders of the brick-clays — floating ice. 



d. Stratified beds at high levels. 



e. Cause of the submergence. 



5. Emergence of the land and final retreat of the Glaciers. 



a. Valley-gravel. 



b. Moraines. 



c. Submarine forest -beds. 



6. Second period of depression. 



a. Old estuary beds and raised beaches. 



b. First traces of man in Scotland. 



7. Elevation of the land to its present position 



a. Beds of peat and blown sand. 



b. Shell-mounds and chipped flints. 



8. Conclusion and resume. 



9. Appendix, with lists of shells. 



Post- 

 Glacial, 



* Geol. Proe. vol. ii. no. 38, p. 115. 



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