248 PROCEEDINGS OF THE OEOIOGICAL SOCIETT. [Feb. 22, 



Knock Pike from Flagdaw, and Dufton Pike from Brownbar ; and 

 probably the direction of this valley is the course of the fault. It 

 seems also to extend S.S.E. along the western and south-western 

 flank of Murton Pike, and continues this course through the Skid- 

 daw slates. Beyond these, to the S.S.E. , it can be again recog- 

 nized among the Carboniferous rocks of Warcop Fell, a portion 

 of which is thrown down to the west. Here, however, denuda- 

 tion has not been sufficient to uncover the underlying Lower Si- 

 lurian rocks. The conditions under which we meet with this 

 N.N.W. and S.S.E. fault show its recent origin as contrasted with 

 the W.S.W. and E.N.E. fault which brings together the Skid- 

 daw slates and the Coniston limestone. Its true age, however, 

 is difficult to make out. It may be older than the Great Pennine 

 Fault, or it may have been formed at the same time. If so, an 

 immense amount of subsequent denudation must have taken place 

 to remove not only a thick mass of Carboniferous rocks, but 

 also the great development of Permian strata which reposed upon 

 them. The parallelism of this fault with the Great Pennine dis- 

 location would tend to support the inference of similarity of age ; 

 and this inference is still further supported by the occurrence of 

 other parallel small faults in the Permian Rocks of the Vale of the 

 Eden. In the latter area, one of those N.N.W. and S.S.E. faults 

 occurs near Croftends, about a mile north of Appleby, by means of 

 which Carboniferous grits, shales, and clay-ironstone on the east are 

 brought against the Lower Permian Sandstones on the west. A 

 similar fault is seen on the east side of the Eden, in the Vale of St. 

 Nicholas, about a quarter of a mile north-west from Appleby, where 

 Carboniferous grits and shales on the east, which are overlain by the 

 Lower Permian breccia, have, on their western margin, rocks ap- 

 pertaining to the base of the Permian formation. 



Lists of Fossils from the Loaver Silitrians of the South-east of 

 Cumberland and North-east of Westmoreland. 



I. Skiddaw Slates of RaJce Beck. 15. Modiolopsis orbicularis ? 



1. Gorgonia-lite markings. \%- gfi^^^^ ^*^?f " 



° 17. Stenopora nbrosa. 



II. Black Jlaggy Shales of Dufton. 



T TT 1 i. u- 1 i III- Keisley Limestone. 



1. Homalonotus bisulcatus. ^ 



2. Trinucleus concentricus. 1. Stenopora fibrosa. 



3. Calymene Blumenbachii. 2. Halysites catenulatus. 



4. Ampyx mammillatus. 3. Petraia subduplicata. 



5. Lichas laxatus. 4. Nebulipora lens. 



6. Beyricliia strangulata. 5. Criaoid stems. 



7. Tentaculites annulatus. 6. Lingula brevis ?, Portlock. 



8. Leptsena sericea. 7. Siphonotreta, sp. 



9. Orthis testudinaria. 8. Orthis caUigi-amma. 



10. calligramma. 9. elegantula. 



11. alternata. 10. Strophomena tenuistriata. 



12. Lingula ovata. 11. expansa. 



13. Bellerophon bilobatus. 12. corrugata, Port. (S. imdulata, 



14. Orthoceras Bronguiartii ? M'Coy). 



