PALCOXER — :vr-VSTODO>^ AXD ELEPHANT. 331 



miiTiicate somewhat of a rhomb-shaped form to the crowns in their 

 vertical contonr. Examples of this tooth are common in all great 

 collections. A very fine illnstration from the Ohio is presented 

 by the Hunterian specimen, a right upper (no. Glo, Cat. Foss. Mam. 

 Coll. Surgeons), presented by Dr. Caspar Wister, which jields all 

 the typical characters of the true Mammoth. The crown is broad 

 in front, narrow behind, and composed of twenty-six ridges, of 

 which the anterior seventeen are ground down by -wear. The disks 

 of wear form narrow transverse bands, closely compressed, "with thin 

 unplaited machserides of enamel. The dimensions are — 



inches. 



Length of crown 12-0 



"Width of ditto in front, thii'd ridge 3*3 



Greatest width of ditto, eighth ridge 4-0 



Height of ditto at seventeenth ridge 5-3 



Length of seventeen worn ridges at summit . . 8"2 



Another fine example of this tooth, minus the fangs, is furnished 

 by a specimen formerly in the Collection of Dr. Mantell, and now in 

 the Jermyn Street Museum of Practical Geology. It is a last upper 

 molar of the right side, bearing a label of " Sea-shore "; the crown 

 is composed of twenty-seven divisions, including the posterior talon, 

 a small portion at the anterior end being wanting, probably not 

 more than the anterior talon or a single ridge. The vertical out- 

 line is triangular in a very pronounced degree, high in front, and 

 low, terminating in an angle, behind. Eighteen ridges are worn 

 into narrow parallel transverse disks, free from median expansion, 

 and showing very attenuated enamel plates devoid of crimping. 

 The posterior talon forms a narrow rudimentary splent. The spe- 

 cimen is heavy, and tinged of a reddish colour, like those dredged 

 from the sea. The fresh fracture is very adherent to the tongue. 

 [The author appears to have intended to give the dimensions of 

 this tooth, but had not filled in the figures ; and the deficiency 

 cannot be supphed, as there is no tooth corresponding to the descrip- 

 tion at present in Jermyn Street*.] 



d. Lower true Molars. — Of the antepenultimate (fourth in order of 

 appearance) a very characteristic example is furnished by the Hun- 

 terian specimen, no. 622 (Cat. Eoss. Mam. Mus. Coll. of Surgeons, 

 p. 155), consisting of part of the right ramus of the lower jaw, with 

 one molar, in situ, in perfect preservation. The crown is composed of 

 thirteen principal ridges, besides front and back talon, all more or less 

 affected by wear. The disks form transverse narrow and closely 

 compressed bands, surrounded by thin plates of uncrimped enamel. 

 The outUne of the summit of the crown yields a short broad paral- 

 lelogTam, the length being less than twice the greatest width, while 

 in the corresponding tooth of the existing Indian species the ratio 

 is generally about three to one. The principal dimensions are — 



inches. 



Length of crown 5-1 



AVidth of ditto in front 2-1 



Greatest width of ditto 2-Q 



* See also the footnote to p. 318. 



