1865.] STOLICZKA INDIAN CRETACEOUS CEPHALOPODA. 411 



a more conclusive result could hardly be expected. But I may take 

 this oj)portunity to anticipate, after only a very cursory review of 

 the other fossils, that they do not seem to have a smaller number 

 of identical species, if even the resemblance be not greater. 



In these 38 species already known in other countries, we have 

 3 of the Lower Cretaceous deposits, or Neocomian, 32 species of 

 the middle strata, 2 species of the upper, and one occurs in the 

 lower as well as in the middle. 



In the Indian strata the same species divide themselves some- 

 what differently. There are 25 of them occurring in the Ootatoor 

 or Valudayur groups, 4 in the Trichinopoly, 1 in the Ootatoor and 

 Trichinopoly, 6 in the Arrialoor, and 1 in the Ootatoor and Arrialoor 

 group. 



I have just quoted 3 species as Neocomian ; all of them are con- 

 fined in India to the lower beds. In fact, there are only two 

 decidedly Neocomian s])ecies, Nautilus psuedo-elegans and JSf. JSfeoco- 

 miensis. With regard to Ammonites Rouyanus, D'Orb., which species 

 I have restricted in the original sense (in the ' Paleontologie Fran- 

 gaise '), excluding^, infundihulum, D'Orb., the age is not perfectly 

 certain, as D'Orbigny quotes it only on foreign authority, which he 

 himself afterwards (Prod. ii. p. 98) rejects. 



Of the 32 European Middle Cretaceous species, 22 belong to the 

 lower or Ootatoor, 4 to the Trichinopoly, and 4 to the Arrialoor group; 

 1 occurs in the Ootatoor and Trichinopoly, and 1 in the Ootatoor and 

 Arrialoor. We have therefore a Middle Cretaceous European fauna 

 represented in India chiefly in the lowest beds, and far less markedly 

 in the middle and upper beds. However, even these few species of 

 the upper groups are more numerous than those which are peculiar 

 to one and a similar division in Europe and India. 



Only two Upper Cretaceous species, Nautilus Danicus, Schloth., 

 and A. Ootacodensis, Stol. (A. colligatus, Binkh.), are noticed ; and 

 both occur in India equally in the upper beds. 



If we summarize all the above-quoted facts, we arrive at the fol- 

 lowing conclusions : — The lowest Cretaceous beds, known in Europe 

 as " Neocomian," and especially well developed in the Alpine 

 districts, are wanting in South India as a separate group. Mr. 

 Blanford speaks in his report repeatedly of the Neocomian character 

 of the fauna of the Valudayur group ; we have seen before, how- 

 ever, that there are only three Neocomian species known, of which 

 A. Rouyanus alone occurs in both the lower groups. It is true that 

 the many species of Anisoceras^ of the Valudayur group near 

 Pondicherry have a peculiar character, which recalls the I^eocomian 

 fauna ; however, they are not very much less numerous in the 

 Ootatoor group, and, except one, not identified with any known 

 species. The fauna of the Neocomian clays, slates, sandstones, and 

 limestones in the Alps has, in fact, a peculiar character of its own. 



The lowest undoubtedly Cretaceous beds in South India (comprising 

 the Ootatoor and Valudayur groups) are decidedly equivalent to the 

 Middle Cretaceous strata in Europe. The greatest number of the 

 * Usually quoted under Hamites and Ancyloceras. 



