1865.] MATTHEW SOUTHEEN KEW BRUNSWICK. 423 



the two groups, a recasting of the divisions, and radical changes in 

 the only geological map of New Brunswick published (by Dr. Robb), 

 became necessary. 



This has been effected in the Report on the Geology of the 

 Southern Counties, by Prof. Bailey, and the Geological Map which 

 accompanies it (see also PL XII.). 



It is proposed now to give in the succeeding pages a summary of 

 the more important facts ascertained respecting the Palaeozoic and 

 so-called Azoic * strata of this part of Acadia. 



II. Laijeenttan Foemation (Portland Seeies f). 



The surface-area occupied by these rocks is about forty miles 

 long and from two to eight miles wide. To the south-west they; 

 are overlain by Devonian, and in an opposite direction by Lower 

 Carboniferous beds. They approach within half a mile of the City 

 of St. John. 



Owing to faults and overturn dips the sequence at the middle 

 and on the north-western side of this area has not yet been made 

 out ; but the beds on the sonth-western side present the following 

 succession J : — 



1. Grey limestones and dolomites (?) of great thickness, with beds 

 of clay-slate, occupying the middle of the peninsula which separates 

 Kennebeckasis Bay from the Bay of Fundy. 



2. A mass of syenite and protogene, probably metamorphosed 

 sediment. 



3. Grey and white Kmestones, and beds of syenitic gneiss. 



4. Grey and reddish g-neiss, conglomerate, and arenaceous shale, 

 altered, resembling syenite and granxdite. 



Arenaceous shale and grey quartzite. 

 Dark flinty slate, with oval grains (black). 



5. Graphitic shale and pjritous slate, frequently alternating 

 with grey and white limestones and dolomites (?). The beds 

 thinner, and alternations more frequent, towards the top. 



A study of this series wiU probably throw much light upon the 

 history of the Azoic rocks, which, thanks to the laborious investi- 

 gations of Sir Wm. Logan and others, are now emerging from 

 obscurity. 



Nor are traces of organic life absent ; for while the upper section 

 (no. 5) abounds with an impure graphitic shale (in whicla fragments 

 of Fucoids (?) have been observed), a group of arenaceous shales at 

 Sand Point §, which resemble the strata of section 4, holds numer- 

 ous worm-burrows, and gives other evidence of deposition in shallow 

 waters. 



* This term is becoming unhappy in its application to those ages which pre- 

 ceded Paleozoic time. Eozoic, as suggested by Dr. Dawson in liis descriptiou 

 of Eozoon canadense, would express better the opinions which begin to prevail 

 among geologists respecting them. 



t Names in parentheses ai'e those which have been applied in the article on 

 the Geology of St. John co., New Brunswick, mentioned in a previous note. 



I This, like all the following tables, is in ascending order. 



§ Eeferred to the St. John group in ' Observations on the Geology of St. 

 John county.' 



