303 



described above, which is here much decreased in thickness, partially leached, 

 and its upper portions converted into limonite. 



In another small washout the same clay bed (mentioned above as being 

 6 inches in thickness in the canyon washout) is seen to have thickened to 6 feet, 

 and the underlying, white, quartzose sand bed is much coarser and the asso- 

 ciated gravels larger in the grain, arising from the fact, no doubt, that the beds 

 are almost down to bed rock. 



The beds of the Cambrian Series come to the surface at a slight headland, 

 immediately following the coarse sediments of the fluviatile series described in 

 the last paragraph. The Cambrians are represented chiefly by a light-coloured, 

 fine-grained, very siliceous quartzite, similar to outcrops noted further to the 

 north, and have a dip south at 38°. The actual junction of the base of the 

 Tertiary sediments with the bed rock cannot be seen, but there is a white, sandy, 

 kaolin rock, with red streaks in it, exposed in a small washout, that may be 

 the covering rock, and, in any case, it is very near the base. 



Outliers of what are assumed to be the basal Tertiaries occur near the 

 red-ochre cove, and also at the base of the marine Tertiaries, seen in the cliff 

 section on the southern side of Pedler's Creek, as described above. 



Fossiliferous Miocene Beds. — The marine Tertiary beds (lower and upper) 

 in this line of outcrop extend from about a third of a mile northward of Blanche 

 Point, and, southward, to a little south of Snapper Point, a distance, in a direct 

 line, of about 3 miles. They have their greatest development in the sea- 

 cliffs at Blanche Point. The rapid transitions in the nature of the deposits 

 is well illustrated when the section on the northern side of the Point is compared 

 with that on the southern side. 



On the northern side of Blanche Point the lowest bed of the marine series 

 is a pinkish-coloured limestone, about 5 feet in thickness, which is very fossili- 

 ferous, including many echini, brachiopods, polyzoa, etc. The next, following, 

 is a greenish-white limestone, highly glauconitic, about 2 feet in thickness, and 

 also very fossiliferous, the forms being similar to those present in the underlying 

 bed, the upper portion being especially rich in Turritella aldingae, Tate. The 

 two limestones, just described, appear to represent, in part, the very different 

 dark-coloured earthy limestones largely developed on the southern side of the 

 Point. The beds at a higher horizon are similar to those occupying a correspond- 

 ing position on the southern side. In the return angle, to the north, the lower beds, 

 rich in echinoderms, occupy the slopes of the cliff and, becoming more weathered 

 as they approach the surface, supply an excellent collecting ground for fossils. 

 The lower marine beds thin rapidly on the northern side and are reduced, 

 within a few hundred yards, to half their thickness, the result probably of a 

 floor of erosion along the plane of unconformability separating the two marine 

 series. The glauconitic bed maintains its characteristic colour and can be easily 

 followed by the eye along the face of the cliff. The overlying newer marine 

 beds also thin out in the same direction, caused also by a plane of erosion of a 

 later date, and within less than half a mile of the angle-bend both series have 

 disappeared, the limestone passing rather abruptly from the cliff section, and 

 the Pleistocene sands and clays rest directly on the fluviatile beds that have 

 arisen from beneath the fossiliferous Tertiary rocks. 



Blanche Point can be rounded, on foot, only at lowest tides. On the 

 southern side (see pi. xxii., fig. 1) the lowest bed exposed is a dark-coloured 

 argillaceous limestone (or calcareous clay) divided up into alternating harder 

 and softer beds that are crowded with the gastropod shell, Turritella aldingae, 

 Tate. These Turritella clays show a thickness of 31 feet, and with a slight dip, 

 a little west of south, they form the littoral, 150 yards in width, and pass below 

 sea level at low water. The latter are overlain by a yellowish, argillaceous, and 



