REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 211 



The latter parasite is a very efficient enemy of the fall web worm, 

 Hyphantria ciinea Drury. In addition to these, I have reared examples 

 of the red-tailed tachina fly, Winthemia 4-pustulata Fabr., a species 

 which has frequently rendered most valuable aid in controlling the army 

 worm, Leucaiiia unipuncia Haw. 



Remedies. In most cases the parasites and the native birds will 

 keep this species under control. The outbreak chronicled in the pre- 

 cedmg pages is out of the usual order and may not occur again for 

 years. In such event, resort may be had to spraying the infested trees 

 with the arsenites. If the application is made before the caterpillars are 

 more than half grown, serious injury to the trees may be averted. If the 

 spraying is impracticable, many of the descending caterpillars can be 

 killed by inclosing the trunks of the infested trees with a low over- 

 hanging barricade and then treating the collected larvae with hot water, 

 kerosene emulsion or other contact insecticide. Small trees can be pro- 

 tected by jarring the caterpillars from them, and if sticky bands are 

 placed around the trunk no larvae can ascend to continue their 

 destructive work. In fruit orchards, as pointed out by Prof Slingerland, 

 spraying before the fruit appears or jarring are about the only measures 

 that can be relied upon in combating these pests. 



Bibliography of Xylina antennata Walker 



Riley, C. V. American entomologist and botanist. 1870. 2: 245 

 (injuring fruits, etc., as Xylhia sp.) ; Insects of Missouri. 3d Report. 

 1871. p. 134-36, fig. 57 (larva and moth described, as Xylina cinerea)\ 

 U. S. Entomological commission. Bulletin 6 [Index to the 9 Missouri 

 Reports]. iSSr. p. 74, 75 (descriptions as in preceding) ; Papilio. 1882. 

 2: 1 01, 102 {^grotei 2Ji\^ lalidnerea TGgsirded as varieties). 



Grote, A. R. Peabody academy of science. 6th Report. 1874. p. 

 34 (brief notice, as Lithophatie cmerea) ; U. S. Geological and geographical 

 survey of the territories. Bulletin. 1879. 5- 201 (r/;;^r<?« referred to 

 antennata)', Papilio. 1881. i .-127 (r/;?<f/'(f<7 3^;//^;/;^^/^); Canadian ento- 

 mologist. 1894. 26:79 {cinerea-a7ttennata). 



Thaxter, Roland. Psyche. 1877. 2 : 37 (common in Newton, 

 Mass., at light. Mar., Ap., May, Sep., Oct., as Lithophatie cinerea). 



Fernald, C. H. Papilio. 1882. 2:63 {ci?ierea ^Wty - antennata 

 Walker). 



Saunders, William. Insects injurious to fruits. 1883. 1889. 

 p. 138, 139, fig. 145 (brief notice, as Lithophane). 



Harvey, F. L. Me. Agricultural experiment station. Report. 

 1888. 1889. p. 176, fig. 26 (injuring apples, as Lithophane). 



Edwards, Henry. U S. National museum. Bulletin 35. 1889. 

 p. 92 (bibliography, as Lithophane). 



