l'" 



Published tnonthly by the 



New York State Education Department 



^\2 



BULLETIN 348 



JULY 1905 



/^•fit.> 



New York State Museum 



John M. Clarke Director 



**) 



TT 



Bulletin 84 

 GEOLOGY 8 



ANCIENT WATER LEVELS 



OF THE 



CHAMPLAIN AND HUDSON VALLEYS 



JAY BACKUS^WOODWORTH 



PAGE 



*reface 65 



Introduction. 66 



Chapter i Physiography of the Hudson 

 and Champlain valleys in re- 

 lation to the control of glacial 

 products 68 



2 Retreat of the Wisconsin ice 



sheet from eastern New 

 I York 87 



3 Glacial deposits of the middle 



Hudson valley 115 



4 Glacial deposits of the upper 



Hudson valley 134 



5 Retreat of the ice sheet in the 



Champlain valley 152 



PAGE 



Chapter 6 Valleys of Lake George and 



Wood creek 165 



7 Deltas and shore lines of the 



Champlain valley 168 



8 Larger glacial lakes of the 



Champlain and Hudson val- 

 leys 175 



9 Larger glacial lakes of the 



Champlain and Hudson val- 

 leys (continued) 190 



10 The marine invasion 201 



11 Comparisons and conclusions.. 223 



Bibliography 246 



Explanation of plate 28 254 



Index 260 



ALBANY 



NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT 

 1905 



Mi5im-S4-2ooo 



Price 45 cents 



