78 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



beiK'lies in laieral vnllcvs owe their present courses to glacial em- 

 barrassments. The A usable has an old valley near Keeseville west 

 of its present course, and the drift filling must be very deep at and 

 above Keeseville. 



The deep notches of the Winooski and the Lamoille rivers 

 through the Green mountains, draining lowland basins on the east 

 of this range, cori'espond in toj)Ographic development with the 

 high level valley floors worked out in the Adirondacks, but this 

 stage is appai'ently older than that of the immediate vicinity of 

 the Hudson and Champlain valley floors. 



GLACIAL MOVEMENT THROUGH THE HUDSON AND CHAMPLAIN VALLEYS 



The observed sti*iae throughout the Hudson and Champlain val- 

 leys, accord closely with the direction of the axis of this great de- 

 pression and with the expansion and contraction of the valley 

 walls. Throughout the entire district the direction of transpor- 

 tation of debris, the arrangement of the glacial deposits, the form 

 of roches moutonnees and every feature indicative of glacial 

 erosion points conclusively to the general southward movement of 

 ice from the broad oi)en northern expanse of the Champlain valley 

 southward. 



Along the New York shore of Lake Champlain there is marked 

 tendency of the striae to turn southwestward, indicating a move- 

 ment of the ice upward over the basal slopes of the Adirondacks as 

 the ice became pressed within the narrowing southern part of the 

 Champlain valley. At Port Henry this tendency is so marked 

 that it may be doubted whether further detailed examination of 

 the region back from the lake nmy not show the existence of local 

 glaciers moving down the slope so as to produce the eastwest stri- 

 ation seen just south of the town [see p.lSG]. 



Thr()u«;h llic southern arm of Lake Champlain the ice moved 

 SiMithwesjwiidly lliioimli \ho delilcs of (lie mountains and out on 

 ^''<' !'•:"'" al»(ni( 1m)i-| i:d\var(l. This southwestward movement 

 is well shown al Glens Falls where striae have a course 

 n. 03° e. Thence the movement was southward through 

 the Hudson vjillcy. About Albany the ice ai)j)ears to have 

 backed nj» in ils advance against the nelder1>erg escarpment on 

 the sou III .iimI wcsj. I( li;is long Immmi known lliat, in this latitude. 



