118 Nl•:^^■ vokk stati: mi skim 



ludxiiiiitv to the ice Iroiit. This is a paiticiiiariv important c-ou- 

 c-lusioii in its bearing on ilu' clavs shoNNn on tin* opposite side of 

 the liNcr at Fislikill Landin*::. 



The (lavs at Fishkill and Dntcliess Junction border oii the 

 river and aic aiijiarcni iv free Iroiii o\('rl\ing j:;rav('ls and sands; 

 but lii}j:lier nj* at 14(1 to Hid feet are sandy terraces apparently 

 referable to the Newbur;; slajic. Tlie details of jilaeial structure 

 Jiere re(|uire furilier study in the li«»ht of better sections tlian 

 thos<^ exjK)sed in the season of 1!MM). Knou<ih is known however 

 to show that after the ice front had w^ithdrawn to the north side 

 of the ni<!:hlands, it lay alonji: the western side of the river at the 

 back of the Xewburj]: terrace while deposits of g:ravel, sand and 

 clay were niakinj; in th(^ Hudson ^orjjje in front of it. 



The southern end of the ice at tliis stage lay near West New- 

 bur*;. Marjjfinal kanies occur between Xewburg and IHckson 

 lake. At the base of Snake hill there are morainal mounds curv- 

 ing eastward. At Windsor station one appears to be outside of 

 the frontal moraine. An old overflow channel or crease is well 

 shown ^ mile southeast from the railroad station west of New 

 Windsor. It runs through the southw^estern part of a cemetery 

 at an elevation of 140 feet. The channel is from 300 to 400 feet 

 wide, cut in outwash sands wdiich rise in the southern part of 

 the cemetery to the hight of 160 feet, showing that while the 

 ice still remained in this field the level of standing water in the 

 neighboring river was much l)elow that of the 100 foot terrace. 

 Terraces made in the presence of ice are invariably above the 

 level of standing w^ater in the extraglacial region. From the 

 facts at New Hand)urg described below it w^'ould seem as if the 

 water in the oj>en Hudson gorge was at this stage not much 

 above 100 feet higher than it now is. 



North of Newburg the surface facing the river on that side has 

 an eioded appearance, blending with the glaciated region of the 

 western side of the valley. It suggests to the eye the occupation 

 of this ])'Av\ of the valley by the ice while the Newburg terrace 

 was forming; in other words, the ice front here apyu'oached and 

 crossed the river. That it crossed the river somewhere between 

 this locality and N<'w irand)urg is shown by the decisive evidence 

 as to the ice front at the latter ])lace. 



