198 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



needle slate structure, is almost completely bare of drift or clay. 

 The enlirc kiioll to ilic lii^lil of msu'Iy (JO feet shows signs of 

 water action and strong scourways exist between minor knobs at 

 its western base. The course of the current which did this work 

 was evidently through the open valley in which Durkeetown lies 

 and which joins the Wood creek valley near Dunham basin. The 

 divide in this valley east of Fort Edward is about 170 feet; and 

 the divide in the Fort Edward channel occupied by the canal is 

 now lower having an elevation of about 150 feet. Both channels 

 have been swept by strong currents, but as already indicated 

 there are evidences in this field that the eroded clays in the low 

 grounds about these channels as well as in the gorge of the 

 Hudson are an early glacier-disturbed series. 



Fort Edward outlet. The next lower stage of the glacial lake 

 must have been determined by the hight of the divide in the bed 

 of the Wood creek channel near Fort Edward. This broad almost 

 level channel bears every mark of having been scoured by waters 

 flowing through it. On the diagram, plate 28, I have correlated 

 the deltas and beaches along the line E-F with this outlet. This 

 was the lowest point of discharge on the south for glacial confined 

 waters in the Champlain district. As shown later the marine 

 limit appears to have fallen short of this col. In what manner 

 the waters of the glacial lake fell to the level of the marine limit 

 appears to be indicated by the crowded beaches along the inter- 

 national boundary where successive stages of lower and lower 

 water levels are shown from about 540 feet downward. It is in 

 this view almost necessary to suppose that the waters leaked 

 out under or past the ice sheet along the northern border of 

 Vermont. An examination of the country between Richford 

 Vt., and Frelighsburg, Quebec, in 1904 failed to discover spill- 

 ways. This is a question which has yet to be more fully investi- 

 gated. 



Reexcavation of the Hudson gorge. The history of the changes 

 in the outlet of Lake Vermont in the region about Fort Edward 

 and Schuylerville finds its parallel in the Hudson gorge farther 

 south. Not before detailed mapping is done will it be possible to 

 correlate all the lower terraces which record the changes which 

 took place as the river sank toward its present bed. Some of these 

 changes it can be shown took place very early in the southern 

 part of the Hudson gorge and others very late in the history of 



