ANCIENT WATER LEVELS OP CHAMPLAIN-HUDSON VALLEYS 199 



the removal of the glacial filling of the gorge. Of what appears 

 to be an example of the first class the Moodna case is cited below. 

 Other instances as that of the Kenwood terrace and the effects 

 of the dissection of the delta of the Hoosic are certainly due to 

 post-Albany changes of water level. 



Terraces of the Moodna hill. The Moodna kill entering the 

 Hudson gorge between Newburg and Cornwall [see pl.4] exhibits 

 several minor terraces developed in the dissection of the heavy 

 glacial terrace which stretches along the river bank at Cornwall. 

 On the south side of the stream near the Hudson there is a clear 

 record of a strong current of the Moodna depositing coarse gravel 

 on the floor of the stream at the level of about 100 feet above the 

 present surface of the sea. A deposit of this character so near 

 the Hudson gorge and in soft material admitting of no fall indi- 

 cates a local water level in the gorge about 100 feet higher than 

 now. The same levels obtaining in the region about New Ham- 

 burg at the time the ice front was in that vicinity makes it very 

 probable that this stage of terracing in the Moodna kill occurred 

 as early as the Newburg stage and has nothing to do with the 

 later stages of river work. There is a lower terrace in the Moodna 

 kill at about 50 feet also well developed. 



Kenwood terrace. What is here called the Kenwood terrace is 

 a narrow somewhat shelving remnant of a terrace left by the 

 Hudson in sinking its bed through the clays of its gorge just 

 below Albany. On the right bank of the river from the city of 

 Albany southward to and beyond Glenmont the edge of the 

 Mohawk delta comes to the margin of the gorge with its summit 

 line between 180 and 200 feet, rarely rising to 220 feet. The 

 failure to reach the 200 foot level is noticeable where post- 

 glacial erosion has taken place. The localities in which the line 

 rises above 200 feet are conspicuous where underlying older 

 , deposits pierce the delta clays. 



From McCarty avenue to Kenwood this upper terrace is con- 

 fronted by a lower one with a deeply notched frontal slope. The 

 northernmost spur thus formed is outlined by the 140 foot con- 

 tour line and two southern ones by the 120 foot line. At Ken- 

 wood, denudation has uncovered the bed rock at about this level. 

 South of Kenwood the 120 foot bench is quite distinct, gradually 

 falling to about 100 feet just north of Glenmont. On the south of 



